Surface Modification Of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Functional Conjugated Polymer For Hybrid Solar Cells

At present, the silica and inorganic semiconductor compounds for photosensitive materials have been commercially. Due to the solar cells have complex production, high cost and low absorption coefficient limits its further promotion and application. Therefore, conjugated polymers (CPs) are promising materials for organic solar cells application because of their good properties such as easy chemical tailoring, cheap cost, easy processing, light weight and good mechanical flexibility. However, the poor charge carrier mobility in most conjugated polymers limit the maximum efficiency of the organic photovoltaic cells. The pure organic polymer solar cells energy conversion efficiency is very low. Heeger was first found between conjugated polymer and C60ultrafast charge transfer phenomenon in1992, meanwhile, the organic polymer solar cells efficiency can be greatly improved. Due to the conjugated polymer/semiconductor hybrid solar cells have two kind of material advantages, it has become a new research direction.The present first study demonstrated the direct application of poly(3-hexylthiophene) benzyl-di-n-octylphosphine oxide (P3HT-DOPO) functionalized ZnO nanoparticles (P3HT-DOPO@ZnO) as active layer of hybrid bulk heterojunction solar cells. P3HT-DOPO@ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized by direct grafting of P3HT-DOPO, which was prepared via Suzuki-Miyaura reaction between P3HT-Br and p-benzyl-di-n-octylphosphine oxide acid. The resulting P3HT-DOPO@ZnO nanocomposites possess a well-defined interface, thus significantly promoting the dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles within the P3HT matrix and facilitating the electronic interaction between these two components, resulting in a more efficient photoinduced charge transfer than that of in physical mixture of P3HT and ZnO nanoparticles. The hybrid photovoltaic device of P3HT-DOPO@ZnO performance exhibited an improved device efficiencies as high as0.077%, with Jsc=1.05mA/cm2, Voc=0.34V and a FF=0.22under AM1.5G illumination with100mW/cm2light intensity.Subsequently, this paper the synthesis of allowed access to side-chain functionalized2,5-poly (3-hexylthiol thiophene)(P3HT-SH) molecules were grafted onto the surface of ZnO nanoparticles blended with poly(3-hexylthionphene)(P3HT). The hybrid bulk heteroj unction solar cells based on P3HT and ZnO nanoparticles modified by P3HT-SH.Strategies that allowed access to P3HT-SH molecules were grafted onto the surface of ZnO nanoparticles as they would enable to enlarge the absorption spectrum of the blend. Grafting of side-chain functionalized P3HT-SH onto ZnO nanoparticles leads to efficient electron injection process into the ZnO nanoparticles after the light absorption of the molecules. Transmission electronic microscopy analysis of the blend morphology reveals that aggregation of ZnO nanoparticles within the P3HT is strongly reduced by side-chain functionalized P3HT-SH grafting. The resulting P3HT/P3HT-SH@ZnO nanocomposites possess a well-defined interface, thus significantly promoting the dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles within the P3HT matrix and facilitating the electronic interaction between these two components, resulting in a more efficient photoinduced charge transfer than that of in physical mixture of P3HT and ZnO nanoparticles. Furthermore, the hybrid photovoltaic device of P3HT/P3HT-SH@ZnO performance exhibited an improved device efficiencies compared with P3HT/P3HT-SH@ZnO unannealed. P3HT/P3HT-SH@ZnO nanocomposites film after thermal annealing shown device efficiency as high as0.7%, with Jsc=1.89mA/cm2, Voc=0.599V and a FF=0.60under AM1.5G illumination with100mW/cm2light intensity.This paper was mainly study devoted to the main chain or side-chain functionalized polythiophene (P3HT) surface modified nanoparticles. The research shows that the surface functional group was introduced into nanoparticles its can improve inorganic nanoparticles and conjugated polymer compatibility. The resulting hybrid material possess a well-defined interface, thus significantly promoting the dispersion of nanoparticles within the P3HT, resulting in improving hybrid bulk heterojunction solar cells photoelectric conversion efficiency.