| There is no doubt for global climate change. The fourth assessment report by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change showed that planetary temperature rose by0.6℃. Temperature on the earth’s surface has raised by0.5～0.8℃in China under the ground of global climate warming in the past100years. Great change of climate and ecological environment in Yunnan was obvious that distribution of climate zones was extended to the high-altitudes and high-latitude area in the past50years. The anomaly weather and meteorological disaster frequently occurred with the climate changing and drought trend in Yunnan was exhibited in recent100years. The evolution of climate and ecological environment in Yunnan was special due to the special geographical landform under the ground of global climate warming, while the endangered species would be suffered. In this study, the change of biodiversity(habitat quality and degradation) under the ground of climate warming was investigated in Baima snow mountain Natural Reserve by INVEST software components based on ArcGIS, on the basis of simulation of climate changing between2004and2050, investigation and prediction of the relevant data of three threaten factors(residential area, road and agriculture land). The conclusions were summarized as follows.(1) Results on the estimation of habitat quality showed that the habitat in Baima snow mountain was strongly relevant to the residential area, road and agricultural land. The habitat degradation was relative high.(2) The spatial distribution of habitat changed little in2050compared to2004’s under the ground of climate changing. However, the trend of habitat variation was appeared in localized area in the three cases. The highest habitat degradation was increased by31.8%. For one thing, the habitat quality was getting better in other localized area.(3) It was demonstrated that converting the land for forestry was effective for inhibition of habitat degradation because the area in habitat degradation was reduced in scene3, while the comparison of scene1and2also proved it.(4) The optimum scene for Yunnan snub-nosed monkey survival was scene1 among the three scenes, and scene3could improve the habitat quality and ecological safety.Generally the habitat quality in Baima snow mountain was estimated by INVEST and little changed happened under the ground of climate changing. It was shown that human activities accelerated the habitat degradation in local area. Therefore, the deforestation and hunting should be prohibited and converting land to forest should be implemented in the area of a low index of agricultural land suitability in order to protect the habitat quality in Baima snow mountain Natural Reserve.The results in the study would give support to decision-making of the balance between resource conservation and utilization in Baima snow mountain in the future. In addition, a new method was applied in the estimation of ecosystem habitat quality successfully, and it would promote the protection of ecological system habitat quality. |
