Research Of The Positive Role Of Ferrum And Manganese On The Efficiency Of Biochemical Technology And The Acceleration Of Microorganism

Iron and manganese were selected as the respective elements for the study of transition metal elements appling in water treatment of biolchemical processes, including two parts:the effect of Mn2+augmentation on reinforcing aerobic sludge granulation in a sequencing batch reactor and the study of Fe on enhancing the activity of biological aerated filters.Two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were synchronously operated to investigate the effect of manganese (Ⅱ)(Mn2+) augmentation on aerobic granulation. Reactor1(R1) was added with10mg/L Mn2+, while there was no Mn2+augmentation in reactor2(R2). Results showed that R1had a faster granulation process than R2and R1performed better in chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) removal efficiencies. Moreover, the mature granules augmented with Mn2+behaved better on their physical characteristics and size distributions. And they also had higher production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content. The result of three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix fluorescence showed that Mn2+had the function of causing organic material diversity (especially proteins diversity) in EPS fraction from granules. Polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis techniques were employed to analyze the microbial and genetic characteristics in mature granules. The results exhibited that Mn2+augmentation was mainly responsible for the higher microbial diversity of granules from R1compared with that from R2. Uncultured sludge bacterium A16(AF234726) and Rhodococcus sp. WTZ-R2(HM004214) were the major species in R1, while only uncultured sludge bacterium A16(AF234726) in R2. Moreover, there were8species of organisms found in both two aerobic granules and3species were found only in aerobic granules from R1. It could be concluded that Mn2+could enhance the sludge granulation process and have a key effect role on the biological properties during the sludge granulation.Iron ore sinter particles (IOSP were made by the mixture of materials including Iron ore sinter, Carbon and Calcium Carbonate with a certain proportion, and underwent high temperatures by some procedures. Iron ore sinter particles and clay ceramic particles (CCP) were applied in two lab-scale up-flow biological aerated filters (BAF) for wastewater treatment to investigate the availability of IOSP used as biofilm medium compared with CCP. It took about16days for IOSP reactor to reach the stable effluent and4days late for CCP reactor, according to the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N). Compared with CCP reactor, higher efficiencies of CODCrand NH4+-N were found in IOSP reactor through the whole experiment. And there was a great difference in the aspect of the final biomass densities (39.12mg/g for IOSP and25.95mg/g for CCP). Better efficiency on removing total phosphorus (TP) under aeration was found in IOSP reactor (70%of the best efficiency and42%of the minimum), while16%of the the best efficiency in CCP reactor. Moreover, better capabilities responding to low pH in IOSP reactor were found compared with CCP reactor. The results of elements analysis from effluent showed that the presence of Iron was the main factor for the explanation of higher efficiency in IOSP reactor under the condition of acidic property. For dye wastewater with C.I.Reactive.Blue19, it was shown that IOSP reactor had greater removal efficiency than CCP reactor. Therefore, the characteristics and performance of IOSP have superiority than CCP, and they could be a new kind of filters with nature of biochemistry and physical chemistry in the application of water treatment of biolchemical processes.