Synthesis Of Metallic Oxide Nano Structures By Composite-Hydroxide-Mediated Method And Investigation Of Their Properties

Nanomaterials are below100nm in size, and have many different characteristics from common materials, such as small size effect, surface effect, quantum size effect and the macroscopic quantum tunnel effect. Nanomaterials show extensive applications and potential value in the optical, electric, magnetic, acoustic, force fields and so on. Synthesis of the new superfine nanometer materials and the development of new synthetic method is one of the research focuses at present. Metal oxide nanometerials have wide application prospects in photoelectric materials,catalysis, gas sensor, magnetic, pollutant treatment and lithium batteries and other fields, and the morphology, size, dimension have important influence on their properties and application eventually. In this dissertation, several metal oxide nanostructures were synthesized with different size, morphology, dimensionality by composite hydroxide-mediated (CHM) method, and their properties and applications were also researched. The work mainly includes the following aspects:(1) The synthesis of Fe3O4nanostructuresFe3O4nanostructures were synthesied through a low temperature and low pressure synthesis method-composite-hydroxide-mediated (CHM), and the morphology, crystalline phase, chemical component were analyzed by XRD, SEM and TEM. The results show that:Fe3O4nanostructures can be synthesized by composite-hydroxide-mediated using cyanide phthalocyanine iron as raw material. The product can be made with uniform size with the thickness of several nm.The as-prepared samples with small size, high uniformity, good dispersion characteristics are magnetic materials of excellent performance. Calcing the Fe3O4nanosteets at500degrees for4h in N2atmosphere, we can get Fe3O4nanoparticles with good crystallization, uniform distribution and high purity.(2) The synthesis of La(OH)3nanostructuresLanthanum hydroxide nanowires were synthesized by the simple composite-hydroxide-mediated method. By controlling experimental conditions of the concentration of reactants, temperature and reaction time and so on, and optimizing the reaction conditions, lanthanum hydroxide nanowires with high purity,fine grain size, narrow particle size distribution and dispersion were successfully obtained.The average diameter is about50nm, and the length is between100-300nm.(3) The synthesis of Co(OH)2and Co3O4nanostructuresBy using anhydrous mixed alkali (sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide) as solvent, under appropriate conditions, the cobalt hydroxide nanoparticles with uniform particle size prepared by composite-hydroxide-mediated.-At200degrees, reaction synthesis of48h, the product synthesized by use phthalein cobalt as raw materials, has the minimum grain and the best crystallization.The prepared cobalt hydroxide nano particles are calcined at conditions of500degrees for6h, Co3O4nanoparticles would be obtained.