Bio-Toxicity Diagnosis Of Aquatic Organism In Contaminated Sites

The amount of relocated or abandoned industrial contaminated sites with the rapid economic development and industrial structure adjustment has been increased dramatically in recent years, and the environmental safety issues of relocated or abandoned industrial contaminated sites have been attracted with more attention widely. These left fields mostly would be used with the secondary development and utilization, such as the community construction, greening lands and so on. If we could not make an effective management and repair, there could cause potential and serious threat to the grounding environment and human health. For these reasons that some effective management and repair measures must be taken, and the first step of site management decision-making and main basis is the preliminary field pollution condition investigation and diagnosis.The survey diagnosis for the samples of contaminated sites usually are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by the chemical detection method, but it is difficult to reflect intuitively and comprehensively the toxicity of various substances to the grounding environment or biological comprehensive effects and to make difficulty correct evaluation for environmental risk of pollutants. The combined effects on the environment and biological toxicity testing and analysis of physical and chemical means of comparison, is intuitive, objective, history can be integrated and traceability features, which is integrated and authenticity of any chemical monitoring by the incomparable if its combination of chemical analysis tools. Therefore, the biological toxicity tests is necessary for contaminated sites, the results could show that the comprehensive toxic effects for the different areas of contaminated sites, biological toxicity results could provide necessary basic data and scientific support for the further developing contaminated sites hazard identification and risk assessment.Daphnia magna, Scenedesnus obliquus, Vibrio fischeri were chosen as the experiment materials for acute bio-toxicity tests, which got the24h-EC50of Daphnia magna, the96h-EC50of Scenedesnus obliquus and the light-emitting loss of Vibrio fischeri in5min and10min reaction. And to combine bio-toxicity diagnosis with chemical analysis to make a comprehensive evaluation for the pollution level.A typical organic pollution sites and a heavy metal pollution sites were chosen as the study area for the paper to explore the application of the feasibility for these diagnostic methods. The conclusions are as follows:(1)A former pesticide factory, it is belong to a typical organic pollution site. The results with four samples acute bio-toxicity test from different region reflected joint toxicity intuitively and objectively, besides the low toxicity in life office, the others all represented very high toxic level. The contaminated site around the river, farmland and farmhouses, the water network clouds, the groundwater contamination is easy to direct them into the river. In the next field repair and disposal stage, due to improper disposal, may also directly into surrounding river, will harm the region aquatic ecosystems seriously, endanger human health, and we should take measures immediately to deal with certain repair.(2)A former electroplating factory, it is belong to a typical heavy metals contaminated site. We got the baptized mention fluid from leaching the undisturbed soil, the bio-toxicity test results showed well toxic levels. The chemical analysis results showed the areas were polluted seriously by high concentration heavy metal, in the second using this site should be prior to take certain repair measures.Research results show that the application of this research into the field pollution aquatic biological toxicity diagnosis method is rapid, feasible, practical and reliable. The application can be used to site preliminary investigation of hazard identification and ecological risk screening phase.