Synthesis Of Feather Protein Based Inflating Flame Retardant And Its Application To Cotton Fabric

The inflating flame retardant system is mainly based on phosphorus and azote. Comparing to traditional flame retardant system, it produces less smoke and poisonous and corrosive gas preventing molten dropping and it is of high efficiency in flame retarding. As the environmentally friendly and halogen free fire retardant is in badly need today, the study of IFR is becoming an important developing direction. In this thesis chicken-feather protein, STTP, melamine glutaraldehyde are taken as the reactants and the assessment criteria are based on the cotton fabric combustion performance like length of carbon, afterglow time and afterflame time. And under an optimized synthesis condition, a new type of nitrogen phosphorus biological environmental protection IFR is synthetized and applied into cotton to get a flame retardant cotton fabric which performs well.Firstly in this thesis a discussion is made to explore the retardant effectiveness of flame retardant materials which are chicken-feather proteins with different molecular weights through optimizing chicken-feather degradation time and adjusting molecular weights to optimize the suitable conditions for chicken-feather degradation. Then according to the retardant effectiveness with different monomers and technological conditions, a best technology based on the chicken-feather proteins phosphorus and azote synthetized fire retardant is ascertained. The infrared spectra show the superficial characteristics indicating that the synthetic products are the target products. The thermal gravimetric analysis map reveals the heat-resistant quality of the fire retardant is good enough to fit in the flame retardant mechanism of the expansion flame retardant. The scanning electron microscope also shows the morphological structure of the fire retardant indicating it has a similar crystalline structure. In the following, the best technological conditions of flame retardant cotton fabric finishing is studied concerning cotton fabric pretreatment, flame retardant association effect agent, cross-linking agent, thickener, softening agent, baking temperature, curing time and roller pressure. The effect of flame retardant fabric is accessed at the same time. The results show that the fire retardant can improve the cotton flame retardation and hygroscopicity but its whiteness, feel and strong force decreases. And fire retardant is non-durable. At last, testing non-flame retardant fabric, dealing with fabric merely with fire retardant, fabric joint treating with fire retardant and boric acid that indicates the fire retardant well sticks to the fabric and the cotton fiber surface properties changes.The tests of non-flame retardant fabric, modified fabric, separate place modification of fire retardant and unmodified fabric, modified or unmodified fabric with joint treatment using fire retardant and boric acid, boric acid treated fabric and ash scanning electron microscope shows the existence of borax and boric acid improves the coverage of fire retardant on fabric which changes its heat cracking process to effectively improve the fabric flame retardant performance after the fire retardant treatment. In addition, the test of TGA chart of handled fabric, modified fabric and the best modified fabric suggest that after the fire retardant treatment, flame retardant property is improved to fit in the flame retardant mechanism of the expansion flame retardant. Besides, the chicken-feather protein synthesized fire retardant is used to make a fire retardant treatment on cotton that not only realize fabric halogen-free flame retardancy finishing to reduce pollution and save cost but also make good use of waste to protect environment. So this study is of significance as well.