Studies On The Determination And Migration Of Six Bisphenol Components In Can Linings

Six kinds of bisphenols, including Bisphenol A (BPA), Bisphenol B (BPB), Bisphenol E(BPE), Bisphenol F (BPF), Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and Bisphenol Fdiglycidyl ether (BFDGE) have been summarized in the aspects of their application in themanufacture of can coatings, toxicity, detection methods, investigation results of canned foodsat home and abroad as well as the laws and regulations on them.To study the six bisphenol contaminations, three simultaneous determination methods havebeen established, including high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection(HPLC-FD), ultra performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UPLC-DAD)and ultra performance liquid chromatography-time of fight-mass spectrometry(UPLC-TOF-MS). The detection performances consisting of linear ranges, coefficients ofdetermination, detection limits and et al. have been compared to meet different requirementsand experimental conditions.The solid phase extraction (SPE) has been applied to concentrate the bisphenols from water.The mean recovery is95.43%～102.10%and the relative standard deviation (RSD, n=5) is95.43%～102.10%. Then the SPE procedure is extended to extract bisphenols from foodsimulants selected as national standards with recovery and RSD (n=5) of75.92%～102.10%and1.11%～6.95%, respectively.The migration levels of bisphenols have been studied using four types of food simulants(FS) after the cans experiencing the heat process and being storaged for30d at differenttemperature. The results show that the order for the migration levels of BPA and BPF into FSis FS C (10%ethanol-water solution)＞FS B (3%acetic acid-water solution)＞FS A(ultrapure water)＞FS D (isooctane). However, the order for the migration levels of BADGEand BFDGE into FS is C＞D＞A＞B. Obviously, FS C is the most suitable for bisphenolreleases. Based on the migration data and Fick’s second law, the migration models have beenestablished to predict the migration trends of BPA, BPF, BADGE and BFDGE using theequation of limited packing size-limited volume of contents. Meanwhile, the diffusioncoefficients (DP) of the4bisphenols and the characteristic parameters of the package (AP)have been estimated at-7.07～157.08cm~2/s and35.38～48.48, respectively.Consideration of the similarity of beers and FS C, the levels of bisphenol contaminations in31kinds of canned beers from Chinese markets have been systemically investigated becauseof its huge consumption. BPE is not found in any of the samples. BPA, BADGE, BFDGE,BPF and BPB are detected at mean levels of2.99±0.75,0.41±0.17,0.18±0.03,0.12±0.06and0.12±0.04μg/L with corresponding detection rates of100%,83.9%,6.4%,6.4%and12.9%,respectively. The results reflect that BPA and BFDGE are the major bisphenols in cannedbeers and their daily intakes are estimated at0.0160and0.0022μg/kg of body weight/daybased on their mean levels, respectively. The levels of BPA and BFDGE are far below theregulations established by European Union. The occurance of BFDGE is forbidden. There areno regulations on the other bisphenols so far. However, the presence of BPF and BP B incanned beers imply the further study of them.