The Dynamics Changes Of Qinghai Lake Basin Wetland In The Past20Years

With the situation of growing rapid economic development and social activities.The ecosystem health, internal structure and functional organization of wetland whichis an important component of ecosystem are subject to varying degrees. Qinghai Lakeis the China’s largest lake.This paper analysis the Qinghai Lake basin wetlandson spatial variation in the region for20years. It provide support for future QinghaiLake watershed protection and restoration of wetland ecosystem and the referencevalue in order to achieve the regional ecological, social, economic coordinateddevelopment.This paper selects Qinghai Lake area as the experimental area, using the remotesensing combine to GIS to obtain the test area based on the1990,2000and2010,three wet period of TM image data.According to the classification of three images,this paper set up the wetland transition matrix and the space rate of change infigure various types of wetlands and research the driving factors of spatial andtemporal evolution of the Qinghai Lake basin wetlands using qualitative analysis. Inthe study, the following conclusions are below:(1) The total area of the Qinghai Lake basin is29661km2, The wetland area is6986.25km2-7068.18km2accounted for the entire basin about24%.Non-wetland areaaccounted for about76%of the entire watershed land. Saltwater lake,meadow,marshand permanent rivers accounted for more than93%of the total wetlands basin area.Non-wetland mainly consist of lagoons, seasonal rivers, glaciers, snow and transferredfrom permanent rivers.(2)the fastest-growing area of wetland is the glacier snow and seasonalrivers.The slowest is the freshwater lake in20years of1990–2010.Wetland areaincreased mostly is shrub wetlands. The fastest dynamic rate of wetlands basin isglacier snow wetlands.The rate of change in1990-2000less than the2000-2010.(3) The shrinkage of wetlands is primarily caused by the temperature rapid rise,hydrological environment change, the destruction of vegetation and soil and theimbalance development of population growth and agricultural livestock.