Study Of The Fabrication And Characterization Of Porous Ni Based On Polystyrene Microspheres Template

In nowadays society, due to the lack of new energy and the incorrect use ofpeople to the existing energy, environmental pollution gets more and more serious.Wemust start from the source to improve environment.How to correctly use of existingenergy and research new energy has become a problem which must be overcame byscientists.Porous nickel material has a lot of advantages, such as light weight, highporosity, large specific surface area,absorption,air permeability,shock absorption andexcellent electrical performance. The porous nickel gets the close attention of peoplebecause of its huge application space in filters, chemical equipments, wave shieldingmaterials,improving battery performance and photocatalytic.However with thedevelopment of porous materials, porous structure of the ordinary has been difficult tokeep up with the needs of the development of the industry,so some new methods ofpreparing porous nickel arises at this moment.The methods of preparation of porousnickel mainly include foaming method,sintering method,vapor deposition method,template method,etc.When porous nickel prepared by foaming method and sinteringmethod,the aperture are mainly composed of microporous. The nickel porous materialprepared by vapor deposition method which has a high requirement on the equipmentand complicated preparation process, whose aperture can be controlled in theprocess of preparation, but the range of control is limited.Compared with othermethods of preparation of porous nickel, the template method is a very effectivetechnology of preparation of porous nickel material which has uniform aperture andhighly ordered structure.Monodisperse polystyrene microspheres were prepared by microemulsionpolymerization whose particle size is about280nm. The structure and properties werecharacterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrum andlaser particle sizer.The research results show that the particle size of polystyrene microspheres increases with the increase of the dosage of styrene monomer, decreaseswith the increase of reaction temperature, and decreases with an increase in theamount of emulsifier, increases with the increase of the dosage of initiator, decreaseswith the increase of stirring rate. Polystyrene can occur after an hour ofpolymerization.Polymerization process of polystyrene microspheres can be dividedinto three stages: growth stage, constant speed stage, slow down stage.0-3h this stagefor the rapid growth stage of polymerization,3-9h this stage for constant speedgrowth stage of polymerization,9-12h this stage for speed down stage ofpolymerization.Polystyrene microsphere templates can be obtained By electrophoresis deposition.The microscopic morphology of the template was characterized by using scanningelectron microscopy (SEM).The research results show that: under the condition ofinvariable electrophoresis voltage, the thickness of polystyrene microsphere templatesincreased with the extension of electrophoresis time, and the surface became roughcontinuously; Under the condition of invariable electrophoresis time, he thickness ofpolystyrene microsphere templates increased with the extension of electrophoresisvoltage, and the surface became rough continuously.When electrophoresis voltage is20V and electrophoresis time is15min,template can neatly arrange.Based on template method, porous nickel can be obtained by plating process.Thestructure and properties of porous nickel were characterized by scanning electronmicroscope(SEM), XRD, cyclic voltammetry, mathematical.Research results showthat:(1) with the increase of the current density, the electrodeposition of nickelparticle size grows;(2) with the increase of temperature, nickel porous structure getsincomplete and hole wall gets more more rough;(3) with the increase of plating time,template is easy to fall off and the structure of the porous nickel gets more and moreuneven.When electroplating current density is for10mAcm-2, plating temperature isfor40℃, electroplating timeis for5min, the porous nickel can be prepared withuniform pore size,the larger hole density and superior electrochemical properties.