The Environmental Effect Of Oil Pollution In Yellow River Delta

The natural environment of the Yellow River Delta is a sensitive and fragile, with theenergy exploitation intensive, As the key factors of environment, water and soil influencedenvironment succession a lot. Studying on the environmental impact of energy developmentcan provide a theoretical basis for regional sustainable development.Through the analysis of petroleum pollutants on surface water and soil environment, thefollowing main conclusions can be drawn:(1) Surface water pollution is mostly from the discharge of the oil exploitation process.Emissions in the process of oil exploitation, such as waste water and solid waste will bring acertain degree of pollution to surface water.(2) According to the monitoring data of the Yellow River, Guangli River, Xiaoqing River,et al.,which were complete in study area, monitoring indicators were analysized.The reaultsshowed that only water of the Yellow River was up to class Ⅲ standard,and met the basicrequirements of the water function. The monitoring sections of other rivers in study areacompletely, are less than class Ⅴstandards, unable to meet the basic needs of the waterfunction, especially, the petroleum pollutants were seriously, which showed that oilexploitation had influenced surface water environment a lot.(3) Oil exploitation has influenced the physical and chemical properties. Heavy metalcontent of surface layer soil was significantly higher than those of the bottom. With thedistance from oil well getting further, the petroleum pollutants were getting less, andconcentration of the petroleum pollutants is not correlation with the terms of exploitation.(4) The contents of soil organic matter were correlation with the oil contents, and thecontents of soil organic matter in surface of soil were higher than those in low of soil.(5) The germination rates of wheat seed were different in various concentrations of oilpollutants. With the concentrations of oil pollutants increasing, the germination rates of wheatseed decreased. Low concentrations of oil pollutants can prompt the seeding growth, but highconcentration can restrain seeding.(6) Oil exploitation led to the landscape change. Building plot increased a lot, on thecontrary, forest land and plow land decreased. The landscape pattern was fragmentation.