| Perilla frutescens is a dual-purpose plant which can be used for food and medicine. It can be applied in many aspects such as natural spices, pharmaceutical raw materials, food ingredients, bio-pesticides and other aspects. Because Perilla frutescens contains a lot of anthocyanins, it can be widely used in many industries. With the increasingly demanding in natural colorant, anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens will be a good source of natural colorant. This paper has identified the structure of the main anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens. This paper also studied on the stability, evaluated the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens. The major findings were presented as follows:1.The main types of anthocyanins were tentatively identified via the method of HPLC-ESI-MS. It was deduced that the main anthocyanins in Perilla frutescens could be Malonylshisonin, Shisonin, Pelargonidin, Peonidin-3-(6"-acetoyl)galactoside, Delphinidin-3-arabinoside, Petunidin-3,5-diglucoside Malvidin-3-(6"-coumaroyl)glucoside, Petunidin-3-(6"-coumaroyl)glucoside, Peonidin-3-glucoside.2. Anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens could not tolerate high tempeture. pH had a significant effect on its stability. It was relative stable in pH2-4solution. Most metal ion had no effect on anthocyanin solution, however, Cu2+,Fe3+were harmful to it. The long-time lighting had a little effect on anthocyanin solution. Besides, reductant-oxidant, sodium benzoate and vitamin c showed degradation effect on Anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens.3.The contents of the antioxidant components in the anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens powder were measured. Total phenolic acid content is342.47±7.15mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per gram, total flavonoids content119.42±0.48mg rutin per gram and anthocyanins472.51±2.01mg per gram. The contents of the antioxidant components in the anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens powder are more than that in the aqueous extracts from leaves of Perilla frutescens. The anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens not only had strong ferric reducing/antioxidant power and scavenging capacity on DPPH radical and ABTS+radical, but also had a significant oxygen radical absorbance capacity.4.The in vitro antibacterial effect of anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens was studies. The bacteriostasis function of anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens on Eschirichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus were tested by disk diffusion method and tube double dilution method. The results of raw anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens are as follows. The determination of diameter of inhibiting Eschirichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus were10.28,11.14,13.26mm. The method of doubling dilution in test tube was used to detect the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration(MBC). The MICs on Eschirichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus were3.125,1.5625,1.5625mg/ml, and the MBCs on three tested bacteria were6.25,3.125,3.125mg/ml. The results of purified anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens are as follows. The determination of diameter of inhibiting Eschirichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus were5.86,10.29.10.33mm. The method of doubling dilution in test tube was used to detect the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration(MBC). The MICs on Eschirichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus were6.25,3.125,3.125mg/ml, and the MBCs on three tested bacteria were25,6.25,12.5mg/ml. Bacteriostatic experiment proved that anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens did not only have the bacteriostatic effect, but also have sterilization effect at certain concentration. These results show that anthocyanins from leaves of Perilla frutescens have great potential application in the prevention and treatment of disease caused by bacteria. |
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