| In recent years, humans’ extracted collagen primarily from fish, our country waters is vast, the total area of4.727million square kilometers, freshwater aquaculture accounted for50thousand square kilometers. It is the most developed countries of the world’s freshwater aquaculture, our country freshwater fish production accounts for half of the world. At present, more and more researchers began to make multipurpose use of freshwater fish resources to improve the economic value added in freshwater fish processing, it will play a very large role in promoting the further development of fresh water breeding, In recent years, due to a variety of terrestrial animal diseases such as BSE, foot and mouth disease occurred, the health and safety as well as some ethnic and religious restrictions. It is very necessary to extract collagen from aquatic to replace part of the terrestrial animal collagen.Jiangxi is rich in Amiurus nebulosus; there are a great number of frozen Amiurus nebulosus fish fillet exports, it is the main to earn foreign exchange in Jiangxi fisheries industry. In order to make full use of Amiurus nebulosus processing waste, this paper choose Amiurus nebulosus processing waste-Amiurus nebulosus fish skin as raw materials, according to the organization characteristics of Amiurus nebulosus fish skin, chosen acetic acid and pepsin to extract acid soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin soluble collagen (PSC), at the same time the part of physical and chemical properties, function characteristics and application were studied preliminary, for Amiurus nebulosus skin collagen fully used and evelopment provide some theoretical reference.Firstly, the extraction yield of collagen was regarded as an index to research the best extraction process conditions. ASC was extracted under the following condition: the concentration of acetic acids was0.5mol/L, solid-to-liquid ratio was1:50, at15℃extraction72h, the extraction yield of ASC was62.05%. PSC was extracted under the following condition:0.3mol/L acetic acid, solid-to-liquid ratio was1:20, pepsin dosage was5000U/g, at37℃reaction for6h, and the maximum extraction yield of ASC was97.44%. From the view of extraction yeid of collagen from Amiurus nebulous skin, pepsin extraction was superior to acetic acids extraction, and the time was shorter than acetic acids extraction.Secondly, the physicochemical charateristics of ASC and PSC was studied. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) investigations confirmed the existence of helical arrangements in ASC and PSC of Amiurus nebulous skin. SDS-PAGE suggested that ASC and PSC of Amiurus nebulous skin were comprised of α1, α2and (3chain, might be classified as type I collagen. The molecular weigth of ASC was slightly higher than PSC from Amiurus nebulous skin. The denaturation temperature (Td) of ASC and PSC of Amiurus nebulous skin were29.8℃and22.0℃by viscosity determined. It was closed to those from freshwater-Lophius litulon skin ASC and PSC22.09℃and27.79℃It was lower than those from mammalian-bovine tendon collagen38.10℃, porcine skin ASC38.91℃. The results suggested that thermal stability of collagens were highly depending on animal species, growth environment and so on. It is related to imino acid (proline and hydroxyproline) content of collagen, the more imino acid content, the higher denaturation temperature. The shrinkage temperature of ASC and PSC of Amiurus nebulous skin were65.12℃and66.63℃by means of differential scanning calorimetry. The maximum ultraviolet absorption of ASC and PSC of Amiurus nebulous skin were235nm and234nm respectively, which is contributed by nâ†'Ï€*transition of C=O in the peptide bond.Finally, ASC and PSC of Amiurus nebulous skin have good bloom strength339.73g-cm and307.56g-cm respectively. So the effect of the different concentrations of ASC and PSC from Amiurus nebulous skin on the grass carp surimi products was investigated. The results showed that the addition of ASC and PSC from Amiurus nebulous skin could enhance the bloom strength. The bloom strength of surimi without any additives was1723.79g-cm, the bloom strength of surimi increased to3784.79g·cm when added0.1%ASC from Amiurus nebulous skin, the bloom strength of surimi increased to3341.02g-cm cm when added0.5%PSC from Amiurus nebulous skin. So, ASC and PSC from Amiurus nebulous skin had good effect on bloom strength of surimi. In addition, adding different concentration ASC and PSC on grass carp surimi, whiteness and bibulous rate also have a certain influence. At the same time, using of ASC and PSC in the mayonnaise production was researched. Improve the emulsification, stability and nutrition function of mayonnaise. |
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