The Study Of Single And Joint Exposure Of Atrazine And Chlorpyrifos On Oxidative Stress And Cytochrome P450Activities In Liver And Gill On Common Carp

Atrazine (ATR) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) were the most widely used triazine herbicides andorganophosphate pesticides in agricultural production throughout the world respectively. ATR andCPF could contaminate the aquatic environment by agriculture runoff and irrigation waters. Inrecent years, because of widespread use, long retention period, high detection rate and toxicologyaction on animals in the aquatic, these two kinds pesticides were paid highly attention. However,the effects of ATR and CPF on aquatic vertebrates were rarely investigated. In order to betterunderstand and analysis it, in this paper, we studied the effects of ATR, CPF or ATR-CPF mixtureon common carp. In total, the common carps were divided into eleven groups, and each group wastreated with a specific concentration of ATR (4.28,42.8and428μg/), CPF (1.16,11.6and116μg/L) or ATR-CPF mixture (1.13,11.3and113μg/L). Antioxidant level, organizational structure,the content of protein carbonyl (PCO), DNA-protein crosslinking, P450activities and geneexpression (CYP1A, CYP1B, CYP1C) in liver and gill of common carp were determined. Theresults showed that:1. ATR, CPF and ATR-CPF mixture exposure were seriously impacted on organizationalstructure and ultrastructure of carp live. These histopathological changes provided a morphologicalbasis after exposure to ATR, CPF or ATR-CPF mixture on common carp liver.2. ATR, CPF and ATR-CPF mixture exposure could decrease POD activities and inhibithydroxyl radical ability, induce iNOS activities and DPC crosslinking, increase the content of NOand PCO. Thereby it reduced the ability of free radical scavenging which resulted in antioxidantdefense system destroying and affected the normal physiological function of common carp liverand gill.3. Here, we detected P450activites and the mRNA levels of CYP1s in common carp gill. Theresults showed that ATR, CPF and ATR-CPF mixture exposure could induce the content of P450and b5; the activites of NCR, APND, ERND and AH; the expression of CYP1s (CYP1A, CYP1Band CYP1C). Thereby, it could distub the normal physiological function in common carp.In conclusion, no matter exposed to ATR, CPF or ATR-CPF mixture in specific concentration or exposure time, both of them were highly toxic pesticides to common carp respectively. It couldinduce P450enzymes acyivities, the content of NO and PCO, DPC crosslinking, iNOS activities,the mRNA expression of CYP1s and decrease POD activities and hydroxyl radical ability.