Metal Phosphide Nano/micro Material Of Preparation, Characterization And Its Performance Research

Metal phosphide demonstrated superior performance in optical, electrical,magnetic and semiconductor, causing scientists research interests, especially as anew type of electrode and catalytic materials. In recent years, metal phosphideshave become a research hotspot in the field of electrochemical and catalyticmaterials. So far, the morphology, size and phase control still is a challenge ofthe metal phosphides nano/micro materials. In this paper, the metal phosphidenano/micro materials were designed and prepared, the growth mechanism andperformances were also discussed. The main contents are summarized asfollows:1. In this paper, well-defined dendritic copper phosphide （Cu₃P）microcrystal were successfully synthesized by solvothermal method, usingcopper sulfate and white phosphorus as a starting material, sodium dodecylsulfate （SDS） as surfactant. X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） and scanningelectron microscopy （SEM） indicated that the as-obtained Cu₃P microcrystal hada well-crystallized hexagonal phase. The surfactant （SDS） plays a crucial role inthe dendritic growth process. As anode materials for lithium ion batteries, theelectrochemical property of Cu3P dendrites microcrystal was also examined. Theresults showed that the initial discharge capacity of Cu3P dendrites exceeded1300mA·h/g and it still kept at291mA·h/g after20cycles, which might berelated to the size of Cu3P particles and their assembly structures.2. Tin phosphides （Sn₄P₃） with different shapes were successfullysynthesized via a solvothermal method, using N, N-dimethylformamide （DMF）as solvent in the presence of NaBH4. The phases and morphologies of theproducts were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. It was found that the sodium dodecylsulphate （SDS） played a crucial role in the formation of Sn₄P₃with differentshapes. Furthermore, research also showed that both of the as-prepared Sn4P3could photocatalytically degrade some typical organic dyes （such as Safranine T,Methylene Blue, Methyl Orange and Pyronine B）. In order to investigate thecorrelation between properties and shapes, the photocatalytic degradationabilities and selectivities of two different phosphides for organic dyes werediscussed.3. In this paper, the Ni₂P microspheres were successfully synthesized via asolvothermal method in mixed solvent, using nickel chloride and whitephosphorus as a starting material. The products were characterized by X-raypowder diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The resultsshowed that the as-prepared nickel phosphide （Ni₂P） microspheres was purehexagonal phase and the diameter was between2-4μm. Furthermore, the effectsof the experimental parameters （such as the amount of surfactant, reaction time,reaction temperature and solvent ratio） on the products were also investigated. Itwas found that the optimum preparation conditions were that the masspercentage of sodium stearate was0.42%, VH20:VEthanol=1:1, the reactiontemperature was180℃and the reaction time was12h.4. In this paper, nickel chloride and white phosphorus as a starting material,using solvothermal method succeeded preparation of the urchin-like Ni₂Pmicrocrystal. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results showed that theas-prepared urchin-like nickel phosphide （Ni₂P） microcrystal was pure hexagonalphase and the diameter was between2-5μm. Furthermore, the products reactiontime and reaction temperature were also investigated. It was found that theoptimum preparation conditions were that the VEG:VDMF:VH20=5:2:5, the reactiontemperature was180℃and the reaction time was12h.