Optimization Of Thin-film Solar Cells Using Genetic Algorithm

Thin-film solar cell reaches micron order in its thickness, and has a wide range of research and application for its small timber and high absorption coefficient. The main optimization goal of thin-film solar cell is increasing photoelectric conversion efficiency of the thin film solar. Photoelectric conversion efficiency is defined as the ratio of solar cells’output power and the optical power irradiation to the cell surface. There are two ways that improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of thin-film solar cells. First is adding anti-reflection film to the solar cell surface, in order to increase the incident rate and reduce the reflectivity of light to increase the battery absorption of light; The second is optimizing and designing the surface structure of thin film solar cells to increase reflection times in both the cell surface and the internal to increase the optical path in order to increase the battery absorption of light, thereby to enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency. The above points have always been the focus and, at the same time, are this paper’main contents.Firstly, this paper reviews the development status of the optimization of thin film solar cell both at home and abroad, presents the main optimal algorithm briefly-the prin-ciple of genetic algorithm, and find variables of the anti-reflection film and light trapping texture for optimize. Made preliminary preparations for further work.Secondly, this paper presents the basic principle of the anti-reflection film and light trapping structures. Thesis applies the equivalent interface method and matrix method to calculate the multi-layer transmittance, and describes the application of the genetic algo-rithm to the optimization of anti-reflective coating. This paper calculates multi-layer’s transmittance based on the equivalent interface method and matrix method, combines genetic algorithm to optimal the parameters of multi-antireflection coating, and gets the effective anti-reflection coating film of different combination of refraction. We further analyze the effect of the effective anti-reflect on coating refractive index distribution on the film spectral transmittance to get the distribution Law of each film refractive index of the effective anti-reflection coating film.Finally, the paper used the finite element method in order to calculate the optical process of the thin film solar cells light trapping structure accurately. the paper selected genetic algorithm as optimization algorithm to obtain efficient light trapping structure. the calculation is a finding the optimal structure process using genetic algorithm based on the calculation of light trapping structure of the optical process using finite element method.I found that the width of swell is also the the factors affecting the efficiency of light trapping structure not only the width and height of the structure through computer. So the width of swell had been as the optimization variables. And the paper got the effective Light trapping structures.The anti-reflection and the light trapping texture are optimized use the genetic algo-rithm and the combining the genetic algorithm with finite element method respectively in the paper.The efficiency of the thin-film solar cells is high.The theoretical basis for the preparation and guidance are provided for high efficiency thin-film solar cells.