The Comparative Study On Lightweight Materials Of Automotive Energy-absorbing Structure Based On Equal Energy Absorption

Traffic safety，saving energy，protect environment are three directions on cardevelopment.In the circumstance of guarantee traffic safety,reduce the weight of carcan save substantial energy and decrease the emit of pollutions.Energy absorption andliving space are two index when car crashed which can token the ability of protectdrivers and passengers.So this paper mainly analysis the weight of diffient materialswhen absorpted energy is equal. The midline of three different material model isequal that we used in this paper,so this can more close to manufacture and layout ofautomobile.On the premise of equal energy absorption,this paper around the problemof lightweight of different material has doing following jobs:(1) This paper discuss the research history and research methods of components forabsorption energy systematically.(2) This paper put forward a formula on how to predict thickness of different materialmodel in the circumstance of equal energy absorption, And the formula is provedby quote the relevant research results. By establishing the model that thickness is1mm for three different materials,then submit the model to analysis in order to getall the parameter values.(3) This paper get strain rate for collision of low speed30km/h, medium speed60km/h,high speed90km/h.Then to find materials parameters for formula ofCowper-symonds.Finally get mechanical properties of three materials in differentstrain rate.(4) To analyzed in axial load, In the circumstances of equal energy absorption to getdifferent results of the model with three materials when collied with low speed,medium speed and high speed of two different cross sections.The two crosssection of model are circular and square.Get the error of the thickness betweenformula and actual. How much quality can reduced for high-strength steel andaluminum alloy compared with ordinary steel.The mount of absorpted energy isinternal energy when artifical energy take account for10%of it.(5) For the radial load, groove type model was used.When the model is crashed withthree kinds of speed.To analysis different results when absorpted energy is equal for three different material models. When the groove type model destored generateda little artifically energy,because the grid deformed a little.From the point of energy absorption, this paper studied lightweight of differentmaterial.Through different loading and choose different collide speed,this paper did adepth research. How much quality can reduced for high-strength steel and aluminumalloy6061compared with ordinary steel.