Improvement Research Of Structure For Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell

In 1991, the Swiss scientist Gratzel developed a new type of dye-sensitised solar cells（DSSC）,.It has attracted more attention due to low-cost, simple technique and high conversion efficiency and is considered to be a potential new energy. But DSSC still has a lot of problems, for example, it can only absorb the ultraviolet light because of the great width of forbidden band,so the incident light is underused; there are a lot of surface states in TiO₂ film which increase the electronic transmission time. There is not transition layer between the electrode semiconductor and electrolyte, which results the electrons’ reverse transfer easily, then dark current is formed. These all affect DSSC photoelectric conversion efficiency seriously. To solve these shortcomings and problems of DSSC, this paper emphasized the improvement of the structure of DSSC, the main research direction as follows:（1）In order to improve the structure of thin film made of TiO₂,we can make a layer of underlying dense and external porous TiO₂ film by the method of solgelprocess and silk screen printing. Using X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscope , We have analyzed the thin-film crystal structure and surface morphology, then we compared the structures of different thin-film batteries, finally concluded that this new film can optimize the structure of the photo-electrode and Improve the optical performance of the battery eventually.（2） By compositing other semiconductors to improve the level structure of TiO₂ film, making it conducive to the transmission and transfering of electronic, reducing the electron - hole complex probability, thereby enhanced the dye-sensitized solar cell performance. This paper uses the ZnO, MgO two wide band gap semiconductor materials to form composite films with TiO₂, Finally, we have comparative analyzed with pure TiO₂ film in battery performance.（3） In dye-sensitized solar cells work process, parts of incident light directly through the cell without being absorbed by dyes, conductive glass and platinum catalytic membrane, so it reduces the utilization of light. In this paper we fixed anti-back film in the back of the electrode, and taking a different size aperture lens hood to analyze the influence of battery internal light reflection and scattering caused by different structures, ultimately coming to a conclusion of improving battery structure, improving photoelectric conversion efficiency.