| In the21st century, energy development and environmental pollution are two key factors that constrained the global economic development. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a device that use bacteria as the catalysts to oxidize organic and inorganic matter and generate current. As a new clean energy production technology, MFC has less sludge production and does not produce methane, which saves gas and sludge disposal costs compared to the traditional wastewater treatment process. As a part of MFC, the anode charged with the role of microbial attachment and electron transfer, which is determine the power production capacity of MFC. So the study of anode has very important significance. For now, mostly study for the anode were plate-type anode, until recent years, there have been two new-type anode, respectively, for the three-dimensional anode and the composite anode. Tests show that the three-dimensional anode and the composite anode both can improve the electrical properties of the battery. But the current study has a lot of deficiencies that the study of the two anodes are not complete, such as the study of the three-dimensional anode only limited to the comparison between the performance of several different materials, and the study of the composite anode have the disadvantage of few, the particularly complex production methods and high cost.Completed the major work in the following areas. Firstly, single chamber air cathode microbial fuel cells were assembled with iron instead of platinum as the cathode catalyst and ferrous carbon cloth as cathode. The effect of different iron content on electricity generation performance of MFC were measured by steady discharging method and cyclic voltammetry. Results show that with the increase of the iron content, the electricity generation performance of MFC enhance gradually, but reduce after achieving the peak value; when the iron content is0.7mg·cm-2, the best performance of Fe-C-ACMFC is achieved with the maximum open circuit voltage of593mV, the apparent internal resistance of89Q, and the maximum power density of13W·m-3. The discharge capacity of Fe-C-ACMFC with the iron content of0.7mg·cm-2is no change by cyclic voltammetry; after the MFC operating for one month, open circuit voltage is0.5-0.6V. Secondly, have texted the different volume of carbon felt, different quality of stainless steel wire and different shapes of carbon clusters as three-dimensional anode respectively. The results show that three-dimensional anode can increase the battery’s power density, but the application of three-dimensional anode has certain conditions, that pore volume and pore size are impact for the producing electricity performance of battery. Finally, select carbon-coated as the carpet material, made of three-dimensional composite anode, the metal mesh as the three-dimensional framework, the carbon felt are on its coverage, and use the toner and30%PTFE solution of the mixture as a paint coating on the anode surface. The results show that the coating made of three-dimensional anode can effectively improve the electrical properties capacity of the battery; coating content on the have a greater impact on electrical production properties of cells; when the toner and the PTFE content of750mg and lOmL, respectively, the battery capacity has the best electrical properties, and the apparent resistance of190Ω, the maximum power density of5189.4mW·m-3 The subject of using iron instead of platinum as a catalyst for the production of iron-carbon cloth and assembled single-chamber air cathode microbial fuel cell has a significant reduction in the cost of the battery. The study does completely the three-dimensional anode research, and finally made a new-type three-dimensional composite anode. Three-dimensional self-coating composite anode has the advantages of low price, high performance and simple production methods, which can also be used in other fuel cells to improve batteries’performance, has much important significance. |
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