Analysis And Optimization On The Aerodynamic Characteristics Of Vehicles

With rapid development of China’s automotive industry and highways, the actualvehicle speed is gradually faster, and the demands on car safety and comfort becomehigher and higher, so the vehicles’ aerodynamic characteristics that mainly determinehigh speed automotive performance are becoming more and more important forvehicles’ performance. In addition to a series of factors such as international oil crisis,all these make reducing energy consumption become an important subject ofautomotive technology. Reducing resistance by the optimization of vehicles’aerodynamic is a very effective mean, these factors have prompted us to carry out deepstudy on vehicles’ aerodynamics.The main research methods of automotive aerodynamics are as follows：theoretical analysis, experimental research and computational fluid dynamics (referredto as CFD). With the development of computer technology and turbulence theory,along with the method of CFD has incomparable advantages, thus CFD is increasinglyapplied to vehicles’ aerodynamic development, and this paper is based on CFD method.At present, the level of domestic research ability for vehicles’ aerodynamic is still low,and effective vehicles’ aerodynamic design methods are lacking.This paper is based onsome problems encountered in the process of optimization on vehicles’ aerodynamiccharacteristics, putting forward to a series of solutions and measures, and through thestudy of actual models to validate their effectiveness, so as to provide some intentionaltrials about aerodynamics for the further application in automotive design.First of all, this paper carries research on the existing vehicles’ aerodynamicsoptimization methods on aerodynamic characteristics, to point out the existingproblems and find out the starting point of this paper. Secondly, in view of conflictbetween current existing local retrofit methods of aerodynamic characteristics, thispaper puts forward to local retrofit method of aerodynamic characteristics based oniterative method, and verifying its validity by the aerodynamic drag improvementpractice of a car. Then, according to blindness of aerodynamic characteristics localretrofit method, this paper introduces modern optimization algorithm to aerodynamicdesign, and practices aerodynamic characteristics optimization by this method with asports car model. Finally, this paper discusses a new bionic non-smooth surfacefriction reduction method, achieving good drag reduction result with non-smooth handling on the top of car, the maximum drag reduction rate is9.34%.