The Soil Animals’ Community Structure And The Correlation With Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Of Heavy Metal Pollution Area

Soil animals,the important members of soil ecosystem,play animportant role in the soil’s formation, upgrowth, physicalcomposition,chemical property, etc. Soil animals,also as the sensitive indicatorreflecting the quality of the environment changes,take important rolesin optimizing soil structure and testing environment pollution, etc.Therefore, it has an important significance and prospect in researchingsoil animals.We selected the farmland which are around Linfen steel works(hereinafter referred to as "LinGang") as the study area., experiment,and then we discussed the soil animals’community structure and thecorrelation with soil heavy metal pollution of farmland aroundLingang.There are five parts in this test:Part1 This part mainly introduced the research situation of soilzoology,including soil animal’s brief introduction ,the research processof soil animal,their response to the soil pollution in home and abroad ,analyzed the significance of the experimental study.Part2 This part generally introduced the natural overview ofLinfen,the enterprise development and the status quo of Lingang,thiswas the important environmental factor which affects the community structure and quantity of soil animals in the farmland.Part 3 The main methods of the open country investigation and theindoor processing ,including the collection, separation, identification ofsoil animals,etc.Part 4 The introduction about data processing methods.Part 5 Results and analysis. This part was divided into four parts:(1)Investigate and analysis the living environment of soil animals,itmeans analyzing soil physicochemical properties and evaluating soilheavy metal pollution condition.(2)Through soil animals community’s appraisal and their quantitystatistics,we study the species composition and quantity of soil animals.Based on this,we further study the community structure index and ADCof soil animals,clustering soil animals and dividing functional group.(3)Analysing the relationship between soil animal and soilphysicochemical properties,the soil physicochemical propertiesinclude soil PH value,soil organic matter and soil water content.(4)Studying the relationship between soil animal and soil heavymetal pollution：including the relationship between soil animal verticaland horizontal distribution and soil heavy metal pollution,the correlationanalysis of soil animal and soil heavy metal content, the enrichment ofthe soil macro-animals to heavy metal.Part 6 Conclusion and discussion.Through the study,we have drawn the following basic conclusions:(1)The farmland around Lingang is alkalescence, the soil fertility ismedium,and comprehensive pollution index is larger. The farmlandwhich lies in the northeast is moderate pollution. The farmland in thesouthwest and south which seriousiy polluted is belonging to severe pollution.(2)From the 28 sampling points in the farmland Lingang,we totallycaptured 2348 individuals of soil animal,divided into 29 kinds,representing 4 Phyla,11 Classes. The dominant groups were isoptera,prostigmata, account for 49.55% of the total catch. Common groupswere account for 15.03%.Others were rare groups.The four community structure index of soil animals in the farmlandaround Lingang were very significant correlation(P＜0.01). Diversityindex were positively correlated with evenness index and richnessindex ,but negatively correlated with dominance index.Isoptera and prostigmata were belonging to eury-distributionpattern,Coleoptera(Larva),Collembola,etc,the Steno-distribution patternincluded the most species,and made of the basic of soil community inthis region.Clustering analysis results show that, soil animals in the northeast ismost close to the animals in the southwest, soil animals in the south isbiggest different from the other three directions.As the function groups, omnivore taken the largest proportion,thesecond is saprozoic,phytophage taken the least proportion,only 8.25%.Saprozoic included the most species, second was predacity, omnivoreand phytophage were least.(3)The total number of soil animals in the farmland around Lingangwere negatively correlated with soil PH value and soil organic matter ,butcorrelated with soil water content.Groups were positively correlatedwith soil PH value and oil water content,but not related to soil organicmatter.The correlationbetween soil animal and soil physicochemicalproperties is not significant (P > 0.05).(4)Soil comprehensive pollution index were negatively correlatedwith soil animals’numbers and groups. The characteristic of surface-gather was slackened in the verticaldirection,and caused the counter distributed phenomenon appearance.The correlation between the content of Mn, Ni, Zn, Cu and Pb, Cr insoiland numbers,groups is not significant (P > 0.05).Earthworm and Isopoda were negatively correlated with the heavymetal content in soil and comprehensive pollution index. The correlationbetween earthworm and Zn,Cu is very significantly negative(P＜0.01),issignificantly negative with Mn (P > 0.05).The correlation coefficientbetween isopoda and the heavy metal content in soil ,comprehensivepollution index were larger,but is not significant.Prostigmata and collembola were positively correlated with theheavy metal content in soil and comprehensive pollution index. Thecorrelation between isoptera and Mn,Zn,Cu is not significantly positive(P> 0.05),but is negative with Ni,Pb,Cr. The correlation between coleopteraand Mn,Ni,Zn,Cu,Pb is not significantly negative (P > 0.05),but is notsignificantly positive with araneae (P > 0.05).The heavy metal content in Earthworm and Isopoda were verysignificantly positive(P＜0.01). The correlation coefficient betweenearthworm and Mn, Cu is larger, the correlation coefficient betweenisopoda and Pb is maximum,the second is Zn and Cu.Earthworm is enrichment to Ni, absorb most of Mn, Cu, but theabsorption for Pb, Cr, Zn were very weak. Isopoda is enrichment to Cu,absorb Mn,Pb,Zn,Ni,Cr,but not gathering, the absorption were weaker.