| Lepidoptera pests are the common insects in the tea garden, which cost inestimable loss in the tea areas of our country every year. It has a long history that tea growers in our country began to prevent and control Lepidoptera pests in the tea garden, however, the tea garden always failed to get rid of its harm. As "public plant protection, green plant protection " put forward, the technology of pest control of tea garden in our country gradually becomes green and health. As the methods of using the sex pheromone for monitoring and prevention Lepidoptera pest, is undoubtedly one of the important agricultural control measures that is a low investment and efficient and environmentally friendly,good prospect. In this paper, study on the monitoring and control technigue of three kinds of Lepidoptera pest (Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham), Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand and Ectropis oblique Warren) by sex attractants in the tea garden, to explore the feasibility of the preventing and control technigue of Lepidoptera pest by sex attractants in the tea garden.First of all, this test through a combination of field and laboratory methods, research the biological characteristics of Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham), to provide some basis for further research. Collect the larvae of Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) from the field and breed it in the laboratory, and then observed the characteristics of its emergence after pupation, also investigation the morphological characteristics of the adult.Next, the research focused on monitoring of the 3 kinds of Lepidoptera pests by sex attractants. After the installation of trap in the field, monitor the year dynamics and daily activity rhythm of Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) in yongchuan, and design test for comparison the similarities and differences of the Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) dynamics between two different types of tea garden (production garden and germplasm garden);and use the same method for comparison the similarities and differences among 5 kinds of tea tree breed:Fudingdabai, Pingyangtezao, Yucha, Nanjiang and Shuyong 307. The research also made test in different tea areas of China, which are mainly distributed in Chongqing Yongchuan, and Rongchang, Henan Xinyang, Yunnan Pu-erh, Jiangxi Nanchang and Hubei Huanggang and so on. Insecticidal lamp were installed in the same experimental sites at the same time, as to monitor control the same kinds of pests, and to compare with sex attractants traps test. Through monitoring the dynamics of the three kinds of pests, analysis and discussion were done:the dynamics in different areas;the correlation between pest dynamics and temperature; comparison the monitoring results between light traps and sex traps. Finally, another set of sex attractants control effect test. Through surveying the number of the larvae of the three kinds of pests in the tea gardens, evaluate the control effect of the sex attractants.This paper draw the following conclusion:1. The average length between the head to the abdominal pointed of Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) adult was 5.16 mm for female and 4.72 mm for male in Yongchuan area; the emergence time was mainly concentrated after sunset and before morning, the emergence number in the time took up 76.67% in the whole day.2. Through the sexual attractants monitoring, we found:Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) would occur seven generations a year; the courtship period of Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) mostly occurred in 20:00～24:00, accounting for about 60% of the whole day;the differences of the dynamics of Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) between the two different types of tea garden were not obvious; Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) almost had no much preference on tea tree species.3. After the monitoring on pests by sex attractants in different areas:the occurrence quantity of Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) in southwest tea areas was more than in jiangnan tea area; and the alternation of generations begins earlier in southwest tea areas than in jiangnan tea area which was accord with the biological characteristics of Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham);the occurrence of Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand in southwest tea areas was shorter than in jiangnan tea area. In these sites, the biggest amount of Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand was in Xinyang area; the biggest amount of Ectropis oblique Warren was in Nanchang area, but it shewed fluctuation phenomena seriously, which was not very consistent its inherent biological characteristics.4. Analysis the correlation between sex attractants monitoring and temperature:The activity of Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) adult would reduce as temperature rise; the activity of Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand adult would increase with temperatures’rising in a certain temperature range (20～28℃);however, the activity of Ectropis oblique Warren adult would not change much with the temperatures’ changing in this temperature range, that was the correlation between the activity and the temperature had no significance.5.Compare between sex attractants monitoring and insecticidal lamp monitoring:it was very good to monitor Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) adult by sex attractants, but less than by the insecticidal lamp;both the two methods to monitor Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand were effective, which constituted very significant correlation, and their monitoring effect was completely consistent; insecticidal lamp monitoring was still very good to Ectropis oblique Warren, but sex attractants monitoring shewed fluctuation phenomena seriously, and it may be not stable.6. According to the control effect experiment, we found:3 kinds of sex attractants got very good control effect on corresponding pests. The experiment for control Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) in Xinyang shewed that sex attractants made the tea blade of volume-bract reduced, and the control effect reached 98.67%; The experiment for control Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand in Chongqing and Xinyang shewed that sex attractants control effect reached 79.81%;The experiment for control Ectropis oblique Warren in Xinyang shewed that sex attractants control effect just reached 55.94%, meaning that the sex attractants had not good control effect on Ectropis oblique Warren.7. Through the study we found that sex attractants had very good monitoring effect results on both Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) and Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand, and it almost could monitoring the dynamics of Ectropis oblique Warren very well also;At the same time, the two kinds of sex traps all had very good control effect on Caloptilia theivora (Walsingham) and Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand in the tea garden, as they could reduce the harm in tea gardens of the two pests, but not very well on Ectropis oblique Warren; overall, using sex attractants can be better to monitor and control the two Lepidoptera pests in the tea garden, however,it still needs to improve on sex attractants of Ectropis oblique Warren. |
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