The Climatic Regionalization Of Viticulture And Grapevine Variety Zoning Over China

The climatic regionalization indexes of viticulture over China, including frost-free period (F) as well as the dryness index (DI), were constructed via the observations during the period from1980to2009of604weather stations provided by China Meteorological Administration (CMA) in this study. Moreover, on the basis of the construction of these climatic regionalization indexes and the knowledge of the feature of the climate over China as well as the weather conditions suitable for the growth and development of grapevine, the analysis and comparison of those indexes were then performed to obtain the best one for the climatic regionalization of viticulture and according to that one (i.e. the index of effective temperature selected after the comparison), the grapevine variety zoning had at last come true. In general, this study was promoted through two aspects involving the climatic regionalization of viticulture and grapevine variety zoning as follows.1. The study on the climatic regionalization over China Since the consideration of the weather conditions for grapevine growth and development, the zoning indexes supporting the climate over China were selected after the analysis and further comparison and then according to these new indexes, i.e. the frost-free period (F), mature seasonal precipitation, sunshine hours, the dryness index (DI) and the extreme minimum temperature in growing period, grapevine variety zoning was performed. During these proceedings, MATLAB software was applied for data analysis and processing, and furthermore Refinement of Agricultural Climatic Zoning software was used to figure the zoning plans as3viticulture zones:I:Southwest Zhangjiakou, Hengshui and Xingtai bordered on Hebei Province, Taiyuan, Linfen (Shanxi Province), Yulin(Shanxi Province), Xifeng, Baiyin(Gansu Province), and some areas of Wuzhong (Ningxia).II:Tongliao, Dongsheng, Chifeng (Northeast Inner Mongolia), Songyuan, Baicheng (Jilin Province), Chaoyang (Liaoning Province), South Middle Hebei Province, Beijing, Tianjin, Northern Shandong, South Middle Shanxi Province, Northern Shanxi, Ningxia, and southeast Gansu.Ⅲ:Western Middle Jilin Province, Western Liaoning Province, Northern Hebei Province, Alxa Left Banner, Linhe (Western Inner Mongolia), Jinan, Yantai, Zibo (Shandong Province), Northern Henan, Xianyang, Xi’an(Shaanxi Province), Most areas of Xinjiang, Kangdingxian (Sichuan Province), and Nyingchi (Tibet).2. The grapevine variety zoning over China The zoning of grapevine varieties should be promoted on the basis of the climatic regionalization over China and the amount of heat that the varieties need were of some difference due to the diversity in maturation stage, thus the accumulated temperature index was selected to promote grapevine variety zoning. And the result was as follows:Ⅰ:Kangting (Sichuan Province), Nyingchi (Tibet), Guyuan (Ningxia), Dingxi, Tianshui, Baiyin (Gansu Province), where the effective accumulated temperature were less than1300℃that was suitable to plant Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay, Sylvaner, Muller Thurgau, Chasselas, Pinot Noir, and Gewurztraminer.Ⅱ:Western Middle Shanxi Province, Tongliao, Chifeng (Northeast Inner Mongolia), some areas of Zhangjiakou, Yulin, Baoji, Hanzhong (Shaanxi Province), Dongsheng, Alxa (Inner Mongolia), Xifeng, Qitai, Baicheng (Xinjiang), where the effective accumulated temperature were in the range from1300to1600℃that was suitable to plant Syrah, Chardonnay, Riesling, Colombard, Blue French and Sangiovese. Ⅲ:Dalian, Shenyang, Suizhong, Jinzhou, Anshan, Yingkou, Chaoyang (Liaoning Province), Chengde, Qinhuangdao (Hebei Province), Taiyuan, Yuci (Shanxi Province), Jilantai (Inner Mongolia), Yining, Shihezi (Xinjiang), where the effective accumulated temperature were1600-1900℃that was suitable to plant Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Carignane, Grenache, and Zinfandel etc.IV:Yantai, Taian, Weifang (Shandong Province), Tangshan, Langfang (Hebei Province), Beijing, Northern Tianjin, Yutian, Kelamayi, Alataw Pass, Qijiaojing, Wusu, Qiemo, Alaer, Hami, Minfeng, Kuche, Kashi (Xinjiang), where the effective accumulated temperature were1900-2200℃that was suitable to plant Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and other late-maturing varieties.V:Luoyang, Shangqiu, Kaifeng, Xuchang, Zhengzhou, Anyang, Xinxiang (Henan Province), Hetian, Tulufan (Xinjiang), South Tianjin, Cangzhou, Hengshui, Xingtai, Shijiazhuang, where the effective accumulated temperature were greater than2200℃that was suitable to plant Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot Grenache, Carignane, and Canepabn.