Studies On The Seed Quality Standards And Seedling Breeding Technology Of Dendranthema Indicum L.

Dendranthema indicum L. belongs to the parts of plants of Dendranthema in Compositae that is widely distributed in northeast, north, central and southern China and throughout the Southwest, is born in the hillside grass, bush, river wet, coastal saline to the edge of the field and roadside. Usually the dry capitulum is used as medicine which is called Flos Chrysanthemi Indici. The effects in heat-clearing, detoxicating, dispelling wind-heat were significant.It is used clinically in the treatment of boils carbuncles, red eyes and throat, headache and dizziness. Existing pharmacological studies have shown that it can decline blood pressure, inhibit aldose activity and anti-tumor. It is widely used in beverage, medicine, health products and other aspects, such as for tea bags.However, the main source of Flos Chrysanthemi Indici is wild and the medicinal quality is uneven, affecting the efficacy of the clinical use. Over-exploitation not only damage the ecological environment, but also is not conducive to the sustainable use of resources. Standardized planting of Dendranthema indicum, not only to ensure the yield and quality of the Flos Chrysanthemi Indici, but also conducive to the protection of the Dendranthema indicum resources. Because very few studies have reported on the seed breeding and standards of seedling degree, in order to explore the cultivation way and expand production scale, the first study is taken on the seedling breeding methods.The paper includes several parts:1. The review of domestic and foreignAfter reviewing lots of literature, authors summarized the general situation on germplasm resources of Dendranthema indicum and research situation on medicinal endophyte, including the taxonomy, chemical constituent, pharmacodynamic action, chinese herbal medicines seed breeding methods, herbal medicines seeds and seedlings standards, cultivation methods and the problems.2. Studies on seed quality of Dendranthema indicumIt can be discovered that:The seed purity is97.64%;The weight per1000seeds is0.2890g;The seed moisture content is4.34%;The seed viability is87.33%;The tests of pretreatment couldn’t increase the germination of D. indicun seed; Phytohormone had limited effect on the germination of the seed;Temperature condition showed significant effects on the germination. The optional condition for the germination of the seed of D. indicun is25℃on filter paper. The seed can be classified as three degrees.3. The establishment of plantlet regeneration systems in vitro on Dendranthema indicumThe type and concentration of sterilization conditions and hormones are examined on the effects of buds induction, buds proliferation and rooting culture. The results showed that:In the sunny summer weather, through selecf fresh spears and then disinfect with70%of alcohol and0.2%of HgCl2soaking10min, sterile seedlings have the highest rate. Shoots induced in1/2MS+6-BA0.2mg+IBA0.15mg, the proliferation of shoots in MS+6-BA1.5mg+IBA0.2mg+NAA0.02mg, rooting in1/2MS+sucrose25g+IBA0.2mg+NAA0.02mg,opening the lid after six days and transplanting medium wih peat, sand and perlite mixed with1:1:1are the good condition for a higher survival rate and plant growth.4. Studies on the cutting of Dendranthema indicumThe result showed that there was evident different of rooting rate in the different exogenous hormones and different concentrations and cutting collection positions. Suitable environment conditions and reasonable management measures could improve cutting rooting rate, treating with0.04%concentration of NAA in20min had reasonable effect on rooting rate of Dendranthema indicum cuttings. Survival rate was the highest when cutting were collected from the middle of the branches. The cutting rooting condition was better when the cutting media with sand and peat were mixed with2:1.5. Studies on standards of seedling degrees of Dendranthema indicumThe classification standard of seedlings were studied by random sampling and the clustering gradually analysis. The seed can be classified as three degrees. Height and diameter were proposed as the quality indexes for seedling grading. The results showed that cutting seedings height≥50.01cm and diameter≥0.44cm refer as Grade Ⅰ, height≥30.75cm and diameter≥0.34cm as Grade Ⅱ while tissue culture seedlings height≥30.41cm and diameter≥0.38cm refer as Grade Ⅰ, height≥22.69cm and diameter≥0.28cm as Grade Ⅱ.