| Transferring the excellent genes from wild related species to wheat was the important basis forpersistently improving the wheat breeding. The excellent genes from the wild relatives such asdisease-resistence and multi-kernel genes, could be used for wheat improvement. Producing wheat-wildrelated species alien disomic addition lines and analyzing their genetic structure were effective key stepin transferring excellent genes. The study used six wheat-A. cristatum (2n=4x=28, PPPP) disomicaddition lines as materials and analyzed morphology and genetic structure. In addition, molecularmarkers were used to analyze the introgression lines which had been produced by irradiatingF1(4844-12×Gaocheng8901). The results are as following:1. Identifying the wheat-A. cristatum6P disomic addition lines by GISH detection, and choosingthe materials that contained two P chromosomes.2. Differences on agronomic characteristics among the six addition lines were found bymorphology analysis. Combined with the characteristics of morphology and powder mildew-resistance,the results showed that4844-12,5113and5114possessed large kernel number, wide flag leaves andpowder mildew resistance, while5113and5114had smaller-grain weight than4844-12.5106, II-26andII-29-2i had less grain number and were susceptible to powder mildew, but II-29-2i had unique narrowflag leaf which was similar to Agropyron, and its grain number showed no significant difference withII-26but more than5106, meanwhile, the thousand-grain weight was higher than5113and nosignificant difference with5114, so in the same level, II-29-2i may had the characteristic of highphotosynthetic efficiency. The agromomic characteristics were different among the six addition lines,and we clustered and divided them into two types by using SAS V8.0:4844-12,5113,5114and5106,II-26, II-29-2i.3. Using the developed STS molecular markers to analyse the six6P disomic addition lines. Theresults showed that the genetic structure of P chromosomes which added in the six materials weredifferent. Divided the materials into4types by cluster analysis on the molecular markers result:4844-12,5113,5114;5106; II-26; II-29-2i. According to the colinearity between species, STScomparative analysis were based on the physical map of wheat ESTs and the6P mode maps wereconstructed. The maps would contribute to comfirm the6P chromosomes and the types divided bycluster analysis.4. In comprehensiveness, the structure of6P chromosomes occurred genetic rearrangementobviously; Differently from the traditional expectation, genetic rearrangement of alien chromosomescould lead to the number of addition lines more than theory and also produce different phenotypes.5.3126P STS molecular markers were used to analyze27M6introgresion lines which could notbe identified by GISH. There were27markers that could amplify the specific bands and and they couldbe used to trace alien fragments quickly.The comparative map built in the study provided the important basis for specific characteristics’physical mapping on6P chromosomes. To analyse the genetic rearrangement could provide guidance for excellent genes directional transferring and improving the breeding efficiently.6P makers obtainedin the study could be used to do further study on correlation with the characteristic of multi-kernel andassistantly choose introgression lines with multi-kernel, which could provide effective means to tracealien fragments and marker-assisted breeding. |
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