Exploration And Allocation Of Elite Trait From Wild Emmer In The Background Of Common Wheat

As wheat is the most important food crop in world, to improve wheat production and the quality of wheat grain has always been the ultimate goal of scientific researches of the wheat. However, in recent years, the serious shortage of wheat genetic resources due to the promotion of the species with simple genetic backgroud has had serious impacts on the improvement and development of wheat varieties. Wild emmer wheat is the tetraploid ancestor of the common wheat A and B genome,with good traits of disease resistance and high protein content as well as extremely rich genetic diversity. Based on wheat chromosome arm substitution lines (CASLs) of wild emmer in the backgroud of two common wheat species-Bethlehem(BL) and Chinese Spring(CS), which are produced and introduced by the Weizmann Institute of Science. The agronomic and economic traits of the wild emmer were analyzes by statistical software DPS3.01. In the repsent study, it has been found that the spike length, number of spikelets per spike and fertile spike lets per spike of CASL5BS in the background of BL are significantly higher than their parents. In addition,The one thousand-grain weigt of CASL2BL is significantly higher than other materials and parents, the spike length of CASL5AL in the backgroud of CS is significantly higher than other materials and their parent,and the fertile spikelets per spike, number of spikelets per spike and one thousand-grain weigt of CASL7BL are significantly higher than other materials and their parent.In this study The reproductive period and other agronomic traits of hexaploid common wheat dite-lines were investigated and founds that, in the background of BL, spike of detlo2BS and7BS were infected by aphids; in the background of CS spike of detlo4BS wheat have aphids, other heaploid materials were not inffected. Different primers on the seven paris of chromosomes were screened out for the polymorphism between the two parents. By using these primers, the chromosome of wild emmer in CASLs was identified, which proved that the chromosome arms of the wild emmer wheat have been transferred to the common wheat as required. This study is to explore new good genes from the two CASLs materials, which would-lay the foundation in revealing the genetic model and function of wild emmer gene.