| P is an important essential nutrient for the plants. The utilization of phosphate fertilizer is only10%～20%. Rape is a p-sensitive crop, The lack of soil phosphorus and the shortage of the application of phosphorus fertilizer, often cause the decline of the rapeseed production. And in the rotation, with alternating water management, the migration of P will be different. Therefore, to discuss the optimal management of phosphate fertilization in the current level of productivity forces, so as to give full play to the potential yield of phosphorus fertilizer really has a important meaning. This paper studied the yield of the rapeseed, the content and accumulation of different nutrients and the quality of the seeds after the different rice p fertilization treatment in the rice-rape rotation by the way of field experiment. And, we studied the dynamic changes of the soil nutrient contents. At the same time, we studied the effect of the different fertilizer treatments on the rape yield, the content and accumulation of different nutrients based on the different treatments by the way of pot experiments.The main results were as follows:1. Effects of P on rape yieldIn this experiment, The rape production of the blank and phosphorus deficiency based on the rice treatment was lower than the first time treatments for about15.38%and18%.For different phosphate fertilization treatments, the yields based on the rice treatment were all higher than the first time treatment. Increased to45kg/hm2(P2O5), the largest amount yields reached33.83%. When increased to135kg/hm2, the rapes after different phosphate fertilization in rice season reached the maximum yield2450kg/hm2, when increased to180kg/hm2, rapes achieved the maximum yield of1887kg/hm2which were treated for the first time.2The nutrients content of rape in different growth of each partThe nutrients content of rape after continuous blank treatment in different growth of each part is lower than the first blank treatment. The K nutrient content of rape after continuous treatments in different growth of each part is higher than the first treatments. The P nutrient content of rapes after continuous treatments in flowering phase of stems and leaves is higher than the first treatments. For different fertilization treatments with phosphate, The P nutrient content of the continuous treatments were higher than the first time treatments.3The accumulation and distribution of nutrients of rape in mature periodFor different phosphate fertilization treatments, the total accumulation of N,P,K increased in initial stage and then declined with the higher amount of phosphorus. When increased to135kg/hm2(P2O5), the total accumulation of N,P reached the maximum, When increased to90kg/hm (P2O5), the total accumulation of K reached the maximum. The accumulation of N,P in the seed of rape was increased with the continuous different phosphate fertilization treatments from the rice season respectively increased6.6%,2.9%on average, and the accumulation in the pods and the stems was reduced.4. The dynamic changes of the nutrients content of the soilFor different fertilization treatments, the available N content of the soil was reduced for about10.1%～20.3%after the rice was planted, the available K content of the soil was reduced for about5.2%～16.3%, the available P content of the soil was reduced for about8.9%～32.7%,After the same treatments in the rape season as in the rice season, the available N content of the K deficiency soil was reduced2.5%,for other treatments, was increased for about6.9%～47.4%, the available K content of the soil was reduced for about17.5%～39.5%, the available P content of the soil was increased for about9.8%～56.9%, in comparison to the content of the soil before the rice was planted.5. The quality of the rape seedsWith the Continuous N deficiency, P deficiency and K deficiency treatments, the protein content of the seeds was lower than that with the treatments for the first time. With the Continuous K deficiency treatment, the oil content of the seeds was reduced obviously. With the different N deficiency treatments, the oil content of the seeds was higher obviously than others. With the Continuous P deficiency treatment, the palmitic acid content was lower obviously than others, and the erucic acid content was obviously lower than hat with the treatments for the first time. 6. The yield of the rapes of the pot experimentsFor different fertilization treatments based on P deficiency, the height, the number of branches, available branches, siliques, seeds per silique all get higher along with the use of the phosphate fertilizer. For different fertilization treatments based on P used, the height, the number of branches, available branches, siliques, seeds per silique all get higher first and then lower along with the use of the phosphate fertilizer. For different fertilization treatments based on P used, the rapes got the maximum mass of yield, when increased to0.2g/kg (P2O5), For different fertilization treatments based on P deficiency, the rapes got the maximum mass of yield, when increased to0.4g/kg (P2O5).7. The nutrients content,the accumulation and distribution of nutrients of rapes in mature periodFor different fertilization treatments, the distribution of N P nutrients is seeds> pods> stems, and the P nutrient content got higher along with the use of the phosphate fertilizer. For different fertilization treatments based on P deficiency, the total accumulation of N P K got higher along with the use of the phosphate fertilizer. For different fertilization treatments based on P used, the total accumulation of N K got higher and then lower along with the use of the phosphate fertilizer. The different fertilization treatments based on P used compared with P deficiency, the accumulation of N P Ca Mg Fe Mn Zn in the seeds and the pods all got higher, and the accumulation of those in the stems got lower. |
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