Genetic Diversity And Structure Researches Of Four Cultured Chinese Water Deer Populations Distributed In Zhoushan Archipelago By Issr Analysis

Chinese water deer (Hydropotes inermis) is an important protective animal in China. Due to its vital food value and medicinal value, the populations face the serious threat. In recent years, the breeding of Chinese water deer has become a hot phenomenon. The study on genetic characteristics of breeding populations of Chinese water deer can provide not only the genetic status in breeding conditions, but also the theoretical information for the breeding stagey in the future. In this study, Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker was used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure of four cultured Chinese water deer populations distributed in four breeding sites in Zhoushan Archipelago.We optimized the ISSR-PCR reaction system before the analysis of genetic characteristics in the four populations, and found that the optimal amplification cycle number was35. We selected26ISSR primers to study the genetic characteristics of the four breeding populations of Chinese deer successfully. Based on the26ISSR primers, we got286loci in59individuals of the four populations, among which184loci (64.34%) were polymorphic. Nei’s genetic diversity (H) and Shannon’s information index (I) at species level were0.210,0.318, respectively, which of the four populations were among0.157-0.190,0.228-0.278, respectively. The results showed the genetic diversity was relatively rich, and it might be related to the short period of breeding.The result from the software Structure showed that when K=4, the ΔK value was maximal, which meant all the individuals could be divided into four clusters on the basis of their genetic information, and it was similar with geographical distribution. The genetic differentiation coefficient Gst (Gst=1-Hs/Ht) among populations was0.163, which was similar with the result of AMOVA analysis, and there was genetic differences among these populations. In order to understand the relationship of four breeding populations, we calculated the Nei’s genetic distance, and drew the UPGMA cluster tree. The results showed that Xiushan population (XS) clustered with Zhoushan population (ZS) firstly, then with Daishan population (DS), finally with Zhujiajian population (ZJJ).According to previous results and the geographical information of the four breeding populations, we considered that the genetic diversity was relatively rich, but the genetic differentiation among populations was large. We suggested to strengthen exchange among the different breeding populations, especially the Zhujiajian population (ZJJ). This study also extended the applications of ISSR in the genetic researches of animals.