Studies On The Mechanism Of Controlled Release Fertilizer In The Product-increase Of Chrysanthemum

Taking cut flower chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora)‘Baima’ as testmateria.Effects of single basal application of controlled-release fertilizers on enzymes and nutrients ofsoils in chrysanthemum was studied. Then, This paper was carried on influences ofapplications of the different proportion controlled-release fertilizers on photosyntheticcharacteristics and ornamental values of chrysanthemum, so study on the influence of highyield and quality of common compound and controlled-release fertilizer of cutchrysanthemum. in order to screen optimal nutrient ratio on suitable for the production of cutchrysanthemum and clarify controlled-release fertilizer on improve the mechanism of theproduction cut chrysanthemum. The results showed as follows:1. Effects of different fertilizer treatment on enzymes and nutrient of soil in chrysanthemumEffects of single basal application of controlled-release fertilizers on enzymes andnutrients of soils in chrysanthemum was studied. The results showed that activities of soilurease of fertilizer application increased significantly compared with those of non-fertilizerapplication, and the soil urease activities of controlled-release fertilizer application (CRF,N:P:K=20:8:10) was higher at first stage (30～60d) then lower at later stage (75～120d)than those of common fertilizer application (CCF, N:P:K=20:8:10), at120days aftertreatment, the soil urease activities of CRF treatments was lower than those of CCFtreatments. Neutral phosphatase enzyme activities of CCF and CRF decreased significantlythan those of controls, while activities of sucrose enzymes of CCF and CRF increasedcompared with those of control treatments. Hydrogen peroxidase activities of CCF and CRFdecreased compared with those of controls, and the POD activities of CRF decresed muchmore than those of CCF at later stages. The contents of soil available N, P and K of controlsdecreased significantly than those of CCF and CRF. The contents of soil available N, P and Kof CRF decreased at first stage, but increased at middle stage, then there was no significantdifferent compared with those of CCF. According to correlation analysis, there wasrelationship between activities of soil enzymes and available nutrients in single basalapplication of controlled-release fertilizers.2. Effects of different fertilizer treatment on photosynthetic characteristics and ornamentalvalues of chrysanthemum Effects of different proportion controlled-release fertilizers on photosyntheticcharacteristics and ornamental values of chrysanthemum. Under no ferti-lization, the maximalphotochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ in dark (Fv/Fm), potential photochemical efficiency ofPS Ⅱ(Fv/Fo), and quantum yield of PSⅡ e lectron transport(ΦPS Ⅱ) decreased significantly,comparedwith those under fertilization. With the application of conventional compoundfertilizers CCFA (N:P:K=20:8:10) and CCFB (N:P:K=14:14:14), the Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo andΦPS Ⅱh ad a slight increase in early period (30～60d) but a remarkable decrease inmid andlater periods (75～120d), compared with those under the application of controlled-releasefertilizers CRFA (N:P:K=20:8:10) and CRFB (N: P:K=14:14:14). Under the application ofCRFA, the Fv/Fm, ΦPS Ⅱ, and photochemical quenching (qP) had somewhat increase, ascompared with the application of CRFB. The non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) under theapplication of CRFA and CRFB decreased significantly, compared with that under theapplication of CCFA and CCFB and the control. The chlorophyll content had a similar changetrend with Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, and ΦPS Ⅱ. The leaf N, P and K contents, flower stalk length andstalk diameter, flowerdiameter, and flower fresh and drymass atharvest stage all increasedunder the application of CRFA and CRFB, compared with those under the application ofCCFA and CCFB and the control and the flower fresh and drymass was significantly higherunder the application of CRFA than of CRFB. This study showed that controlled-releasefertilizer could improve the ornamental quality of chrysanthemum via improving the leafchlorophyll content, photochemical transduction rate, and nutrient uptake, and CRFA hadbetter effects than CRFB.3. Effects of different fertilizer treatment on physiological indexes of vase cut chrysanthemumEffects of different fertilizer treatment on physiological indexes of vase cutchrysanthemum. The results show that: CRFA processing had the longest vase life and thebiggest largest flower diameter, respectively, for15d and30.1cm. In the vase cutchrysanthemum period, activities of SOD and POD of fertilizer application increasedsignificantly compared with those of non-fertilizer application, activities of SOD and POD ofcontrolled-release fertilizer application increased significantly compared with those ofcommon fertilizer application. Bbility of clear away active oxygen and free radical ofcontrolled-release fertilizer application increased significantly compared with commonfertilizer and control application. activities of soluble protein and sugar of fertilizerapplication increased significantly compared with those of non-fertilizer application, activitiesof soluble protein and sugar of controlled-release fertilizer application increased significantly compared with those of common fertilizer application. Strengthen the nutrient reserves andtenhance its vitality of Controlled-release fertilizer application of vase cut chrysanthemum, soas to increase vase life and ornamental value of cut chrysanthemum.