A Study On Structural Characteristics Of The Qinling Giant Panda Enjoying Forest Communities

This study researched the structural characteristics of the Qinling Giant Panda enjoying forest communities by analyzing the terrain factors, vegetation characteristics, life form spectrum, diversity features, dominance species and community classification feature. In order to provide more scientific, systematic and rational reference data for Qinling Giant Panda enjoying forest communities management and protection, to provide indicative reference for regulating of non-residential area as well as recovery of potential habitat.The principal characters of the Qinling Giant Panda enjoying forest communities are as follows:1. Index of terrain:Qinling Giant Panda usually lives in a southwestward or southeastward forest community of1600-1750m high, less than10degrees or between20to30degrees in gradient; a northwestward, northward, northeastward, southwestward or southeastward forest community of2400-2650m high,10to30degrees in gradient hillside land.2. Index of vegetation:the enjoying forest community tree crown density was between0.36-0.84, the coverage distribution of shrubs and bamboo was47%-93%and35%-79%, the proportion of young bamboo was more than1.85%, the density of Bashania fargesii was less than11.84plant/m2, the average height of tree layer range was5.49m to16.36m, the average height and base diameter range of bamboo was1.4m to4.6m and0.8cm-2.0cm, the average tree-age was between11.2to25.2years in winter. The enjoying forest community tree crown density was between0.44-0.91, the coverage distribution of shrubs and bamboo was64%-96%and55%-95%, the proportion of young bamboo was more than1%, the density of Fargesia qinlingensis distribution range is23.6plant/m2to58.4plant/m2, the average height of tree layer range was6.59m to26.27m, the average height and base diameter range of bamboo was1.51m to2.22m and0.4cm-0.6cm, the average tree-age was between40.5to136.3years in summer.3. Characteristics of life form spectrum:phanerophyte and hemicryptophyte was in ascendant, which proportion is62.49%and28.13%, shows the warm.rainy summer and cold. dry winter mid-latitude climate. The area is the warm temperate zone to subtropical zone between the excessive. The DBScPH account for a large proportion in phanerophyte.these vine plants significantly charged the face of the forest community characteristics. The enjoying forest community species composition of DBPH and DBScPH in winter was significantly higher than summer; and enjoying forest community hemicryptophyte was in ascendant, the proportions of ECMaPH, ECMePH, chamaephytes, geophyte and therophyte were higher in summer4. In the aspect of species diversity, there was a certain effect of slope direction to the species diversity of Qinling Giant Panda enjoying forest communities, and slope degree had a short effect to the species diversity index of Qinling Giant Panda enjoying forest communities.The species richness trend in different elevation was:the trees and bushes diversity got gradient narrow, and the herb species diversity increased as the elevations rise.The elevational gradient had significant influence with Qinling Giant Panda enjoying forest communities. The change of diversity index in different enjoying communities was consistent, especially Simpson index D and Pielou evenness index Jsi were almost coincident, which reflected extremely high consistency. The diversity of all communities were mainly depend on tree layer except the Fargesia qinlingensis, and the species number of herb layer have little influence to the change of Qinling Giant Panda enjoying forest communities.5. The features of dominant species:the Sharp teeth oak, Cornus kousa and Hazelnut in the tree layer; the Bashania fargesii, Santal and Lespedeza in the shrub layer, the Cotton grass, Ptilopteris and Guihaia argyrata in the herb layer were dominant species of enjoying forest communities in winter; and which were Abies fargesii, Cowhide birch and Red birch in the tree layer, Fargesia qinlingensis, Rubus parvifolhis and Qinling euonymus in the shrub layer, Sedge, Ptilopteris and Phlomis umbrosa in the herb layer.6. Community classification feature:Qinling Giant Panda enjoying forest communities mainly consisted of Sharp teeth oak, Bashania fargesii and broadleaf miscellaneous wood in winter; and Abies fargesii, Fargesia qinlingensis, Cowhide birch in summer. The trend of each community diversity index from the highest to lowest were Sharp teeth oak wood, broadleaf miscellaneous wood, Bashania fargesii wood, Fargesia qinlingensis wood, Cowhide birch and Abies fargesii wood.