Studies On Production Technology Of High Yield And High Efficiency For Wen305, A Cultivar Of Early Maturity In Indica Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) In Southern Zhejiang Province

The fundamental function of agriculture is to provide food. Despite of this, agriculture also has a lot of other functions, such as mini-climate adjustment, environmental protection, etc. In recent years, because of being solely focus on maximizing the economic benefit, overuse of fertilizer and agricultural chemical, the environmental pollution due to agriculture activities has been a world wide problem. The tendency of modern agriculture is to decrease the environmental pollution and to promote energy saving, environmental friendly and green agriculture.The purpose of this article surrounding above purpose an research of this variety to obtain a considerably stable and high yielding early indica rice variety, which is disease resistant and can grow under medium fertility and a wide range of farming condition. This research is also exploring the way to get high yielding breeding technology by decreasing the use of fertilizer and agricultural chemical and the manpower and mechanical input and try to us organic fertilizer and save water. By this way, the negative impact on the environment due to the early rice farming activity in South of Zhejiang Province Area will be minimized tremendously. The early rice farming can even help the environmental recovery and benefit the economy and the society. Or it is the effective way which can obtain the high social benefit by sacrificing the early rice farming economy benefit a little bit.This paper surrounding above purpose which used the Wen305, a Early Maturity in Indica Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Southern Zhejiang Province as material and carried out research work as follows four aspects.1.We used five different ways which include direct seeding, manual transplantation, machine transplantation I (12cm X30cm)、machine transplantation Ⅱ (16cm×30cm)、machine transplantationⅢ(24cm×30cm) by means of random block design with3replicates to study about this variety’s agronomic and yield characters between direct seeding and transplantation, manual transplantation and machine transplantation, machine transplantation of high density(Ⅰ+Ⅱ) and machine transplantation of low density (Ⅲ), machine transplantation of high density (I) and machine transplantation of high density (Ⅱ).2.We study on the effect of sowing time (main plot)and sowing norm(subplot) on the Characters and yield of Wen305by means of split plot design with3replicates under the way of cultivation by direct seeding.3. The experiment was carried out in a big plot area of(8m×15m) square meters. We carried out the experiment to study about the effect of no-tillage culture and tillage culture on character and benefit of Wen305by setting up three treatments,include no-tillage planting by throwing rice seedlings, tillage planting by throwing rice seedlings and tillage transplantation.4.We designed a research in a plot area of30square meters to study about the effect of different fertilization treatments on the character and benefit of Wen305under the way of no-tillage which include four fertilization treatments with3replicates. Based on the analysis above, we give a summary of Production Technology of high yield and high efficiency for Wen305. The main results are as follows:1.Compared with manual transplantation,the yield after the treatments of the machine transplantation I, direct seeding, machine transplantation Ⅱ,increased by16.3%、14.2%and11.8%more than, respectively. The difference are significant. Meanwhile the yield after the machine transplantation treatment decreased by12.7%.The difference between machine transplantation I and machine transplantation Ⅱ aren’t significant, but their yield are both significant higher than the machine transplatation’s. The Comparative experiment which carried out in a big plot area of500square meters shows that the yield of the field treated by directing seeding is568kg/hm2higher than the field treated by transplantation, increasing by8.1%.2. The average yield per hectare of three sowing times (A1:Apr.1st; A2:Apr.5th, A3:Apr.10th)are365.0、469.1and423.4kg/667m2. The yield per hectare of A2is highest which increased by22.2%than A1.A3is higher, which increased by14.0%than A1,The difference of yield reached the significant level. The average yield per hectare of three sowing norms (B1:3.0kg/667m2; B2:4.5kg/667m2; B3:6.0kg/667m2)are406.1、418.6�'�432.7kg/667m2. The yield per hectare of B3is highest which increased by6.1%than B1and increased by3.0%than B2. The yield’difference of B1and B2is not significant.3.Comparing no-tillage by throwing transplantation with tillage by manual transplantation, effective panicles number increased by twelve thousand and four hundred, the spikelets number of per panicle decreased by1.3, seed setting rate and increased by 1%,the real yield increased by2.8%(14.5kg/667m2)per667m2. There is little difference between plant height,ear length and actual grain number. The production cost of no-tillage by throwing transplantation decreased by126yuan than tillage by manual transplantation, man-hour decreased1.5,the production benefit increased by153yuan per667m24. The highest yield is which after treated by using special compound fertilizers in rice.The average yield per667m2is443.2kg,which is38.2kg more than the yield after treated by using straight fertilizer. Their difference are significant. Comparing the way of using special compound fertilizers or straight fertilizer with conventional application of fertilizer, The yield of the former two both increased at different degrees, but the difference is not significant. Comparing with the CK, the benefit of yield treated by the way of using special compound fertilizers increased by70yuan, and the net income increased by33.9yuan. The benefit of yield treated by the way of using straight fertilizer increased by37yuan, and the net income increased by14yuan. The benefit of yield treated by the way of using compound fertilizer increased by29yuan, and the net income increased by15yuan.5. According to the tests, the production technology of high yield and high efficiency for Wen305are as followed:no-tillage direct seeding transplantation; the quantum of fertilizer are:N11kg、P2O54kg、K2O10kg.The proportion of the base manure and tillering fertilizer and straw-lager fertilizer and Ear Fertilizer and spikelets fertilizer is3:3:1:2:1;The suitable sowing time is about Apr.5th. Sowing amount is6Kg.The research proved that the real increased benefit is132.9yuan/667m2comparing with the conventional manual transplantation.Meanwhile, the technology decreased the amount of the pesticide and fertilizer and reduced the environmental pollution caused by agricultural production.