Research To Utilize And Loss Of Nitrogen And Impact On Environment In Rice Field

In order to find out the way and the level of nitrogen fertilizer and measures of the nitrogen loss resistance paddy fields influence on utilizing and loss of nitrogen, We carried our different resistance control measures on rice paddy nitrogen loss influences test, the different level of nitrogen and nitrogen way on rice paddy ammonia volatilization and leakage of the loss of the nitrogen influence test in2009-2010years in Xingkai lake farm test base and greenhouse experiment of Heilongjiang academy. Focus on ammonia volatilization loss, the leakage of n loss characteristics in different nitrogen level and fertilization modes, and nitrogen use and loss characteristics of different weeding way and different irrigation amount in rice production process. Research objective is to provide the theory basis material for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution in rice region.According to the analysis results of the field test and indoor experiment, we application DPS7.05to carry out variance analysis and regression analysis, the major findings is as follows:1. As nitrogen level increases and ammonia volatilization fluxes increases in different nitrogen levels, ammonia volatilization flux presents Soil surface>fertilization>deep fertilization>mixed fertilizer in different nitrogen modes;2. Under the different fertilization modes, ammonia volatilization flux of table fertilization is respectively1.05times,1.96times of mixed fertilizer and deep fertilization. Deep fertilization and mixed fertilization are different degree to reduce the ammonia volatilization flux, restraint ammonia volatilization of paddies;3. Nitrogen loss rate of table fertilizer is the highest with ammonia form in each fertilization period, reached the highest for16.84%～45.95%in ear period, for11.47%to37.92%in basal period, for tillering period4.3%～27.99%;4. Table fertilization modes have promoted the ammonia volatilization loss rate, ammonia volatilization nitrogen losses of table fertilizer take up29.6%～45.5%of base fertilization;5. Table water nitrogen has obvious difference in different nitrogen levels and different fertilization ways. Whatever is deep fertilization, table fertilization and mixed feitilization, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen content of surface water increased of different degree of the nitrogen level, among them basal period is the most obvious.6. Under different nitrogen levels, three kinds of fertilization modes nitrogen content were almost straight up, growth trend:Table fertilization> mixed fertilization> deep fertilization.7. Ammonium nitrogen concentration change trend of Paddy water leakage has different performance between different treatment, three kinds of fertilization modes,ammonium nitrogen content of water leakage has the very big relations with three times fertilization period, all show ammonium nitrogen concentration is increasing gradually after fertilizer within a week, and then decreases, nitrogen the processing of large significantly higher than the low nitrogen treatment.8. Under the deep fertilization way of nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen concentration of water leakage has certain relevance, deep fertilization increased ammonium nitrogen of water leakage, it can reduce ammonium nitrogen loss about10.05%, mixed fertilizer can reduce6.01%, in base period three fertilization modes nitrogen loss of water leakage increase as nitrogen levels to raise, but total nitrogen concentration of water leakage of topdressing have no too much touching with fertilization levels.9. Nitrogen loss impedance control technology research shows:Under the different resistance control measure saving water irrigation and optimized fertilization than conventional fertilizer ammonia volatilization reduces23.3%, optimized fertilization ammonia volatilization reduces33.4%.10. Different control measures to reduce the resistance of paddy field drainage runoff nitrogen phosphorus content the results showed that:The optimized fertilization and water-saving irrigation than conventional fertilization phosphorus loss reduction of45.8%,49.1%reduction in nitrogen loss.11. Different impedance control measures of optimized fertilization nitrogen fertilizer dosage reduction,20%, appropriately increase the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, reduction of output7.5%, no significant difference; Optimum fertilization than conventional fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency increased by14.3%;12. The optimized fertilization and water-saving irrigation runoff discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus content was significantly reduced as compared with conventional49.1%. Ammonia volatilization reduces23.3%, chemical fertilizer to improve the utilization rate of11.7%.13. The best way to control nitrogen fertilization with resistance loss mode:Deep basal was15cm-20cm and rice water saving irrigation during the25%reduction and20%minus nitrogen.