The Effect Of Management Practices On Soil Water In Arable Black Soil

Black soil region in Northeast China is a rain-fed agriculture characterized bydeep of water table and that precipitation is main resource of soil water. Therefore, ithas guiding function by research on the response of soil to precipitation underdifferent land use and fertilization practices, and how to improve precipitation useefficiency in black soil region in Northeast China. The soil water observationexperiment under bareland, fallow, farmland (CK, no fertilizer; NPK, chemicalfertilizer; OM, organic manure; NPKS, chemical fertilizer plus straw) was conductedin National Observation Station of Hailun Agroecology System, obtained results asfollow:Different land use and fertilization practices impacted significantly soil physicalproperties and soil water content. Soil bulk density, total porosity, water saturationcapacity and field water capacity in farmland (FL) were all worse than that in Fallow(F), but the input of organic manure and straw in farmland could improve soilphysical properties; the soil physical properties of bareland (BL) was worst. Highestsoil water content was observed in F following by FL and BL; application of organicmanure and straw decreased soil water content in F compared with CK and NPK.The variation coefficient of soil water content showed a trend ofdecrease-increase with the increasing of soil profile, and reached the lowest value inthe30cm soil layer. Change of soil water content in soil profile in BL was relativestable compared with F and FL by the performance of variation coefficient andstandard devotion under different land use. Change of soil water content in soil profilein CK was best stable following by OM, NPK and NPKS, and significant differencewas found in variation coefficient between CK and the rest of treatments in FL(P<0.05).The change of soil water storage in0-150cm was related to precipitation in growing season. Soil water storage in0-150cm during growing season was dividedinto3periods according to the dynamical variation of soil water content and rainfalldistribution: soil water replenishment period from the end of May to the beginning ofAugust, soil water depletion from beginning of August to mid of September and soilwater relative stable period from mid of September to the end of October. Differentland use and fertilization practices impacted significantly soil water content within0-10cm characterized by BL>F>CK>OM>NPK>NPKS; the same change trend ofsoil water content was found in10-20cm soil layer. The difference of soil waterstorage between all treatments has shown a decreasing trend with increasing of soilprofile. The temporal change of soil water storage in different soil lay shown thesimilar change trend to the soil water storage of0-150cm soil profile during growingseason.Water consumption in different land use showed differently in different period.From May12th to June21st the water consumption can be characterized byBL>FL>F, from June21st to August3rd the water consumption can be identified byF>FL=BL, and from August3rd to October3rd it follows as F>FL>BL. Impact offertilization on water consumption of maize can only identified in the period fromAugust3rd to October3rd, and it showed that NPK and OM significantly increasedwater consumption of maize and NPKS reduced it significantly. Fertilization did notsignificantly increase the water consumption of Maize in the whole growth period, butincreased corn yield, and also increased the water use efficiency of maize.