| Trash fish were often extensively utilized in aquaculture and were fed for aquaticeconomic animals. For example, trash fish were usually fed for Chinese Mitten Crab(Eriocheir Sinensis).However, trash fish will be stale if it was not stored well, especiallyin high temperature season. The stale trash fish contained high level of biogenic amines,which had potential harmful effects for aquatic animals. Collichthys lucidus andHarpodon nehereus are small marine fishes which are common in the coastal waters ofChina. Hemicculter Leuciclus and Culter erythropterus Basilewsl are freshwater fisheswhich are common in lakes of China.They were all often fed to aquatic animals, andwere also food for human. In this study, total volatile basic nitrogen（T-VBN）and ninebiogenic amines (cadaverine, putrescine, histamine, tyramine, serotonin, spermidine,spermine, dopamine and octopamine) of C. lucidus, H. nehereus, H. leuciclus and C.basilewsl were examined at30℃in every6h for48h. The correlation analysis of thecontents in T-VBN or biogenic amines with the storage time were also evaluated forthese four species.The amino acids of these four species were also examined. Then the31-day feeding test was conducted to evaluated the effects of feeding fresh trash fish,the stale trash fish(stored at30℃for36h) and compound feed on molting, growth,survival and tissue accumulation of Chinese Mitten Crab (C3-C5). The testing indexinclude survival rate, molting rate(C3-C4,C4-C5, C3-C5),weight gain rate, growth rateof carapace width and carapace length molting cycle(C3-C4,C4-C5). Finally, the31-day feeding test was conducted to evaluated the effects of feeding five groups ofcompound feed added different biogenic amines on molting, growth, survival and tissueaccumulation of the Chinese Mitten Crab (C3-C5). Diet1were control, Diet2contained200mg/Kg cadaverine, Diet3contained150mg/Kg putrescine, Diet4contained120mg/Kg tyramine,Diet5contained200mg/Kg cadaverine,150mg/Kgputrescine and120mg/Kg tyramine. The testing index also include survival rate,molting rate(C3-C4,C4-C5, C3-C5),weight gain rate, growth rate of carapace width and carapace length molting cycle(C3-C4,C4-C5).The results were as follows:1.Changes in T-VBN and biogenic amines in common trash fish，the correlationanalysis of the contents in T-VBN or biogenic amines with the storage time were alsoevaluated for these two species and the amino acids of these four species of fish werealso examined.1) common marine fish（C. lucidus and H. nehereus）The content of T-VBN increased from8.19mg/100g (0h) to568.05mg/100g(48h) in C. lucidus, and from13.16mg/100g (0h) to361.34mg/100g (48h) in H.nehereus. The increase in the T-VBN content of C. lucidus was significantly higher thanthat in H. nehereus. The T-VBN contents of C. lucidus and H. nehereus exceeded thenational edible standard of30mg/100g after10h and12h respectively. Therefore, thesetwo species were not suitable to eat after10h and12h respectively.The highest in thecontents of biogenic amines detected in these two species in order were cadaverine,putrescine, tyramine and histamine. The contents of these four biogenic aminesincreased significantly with the extension of storage time（P＜0.05）and kept stable after42h. The content of cadaverine in C. lucidus was significantly higher than that in H.nehereus（P＜0.05）. The contents of octopamine, serotonin, spermidine and sperminewere low. The changes of these amines were not significant in all times（P＞0.05）.Dopamine was not detected in these two species.The contents of T-VBN, cadaverine, putrescine, histamine and tyramine werefound to correlate closely（P＜0.01）with the storage time in these two species. Theseindexes could be used as the potential quality indices of freshness in these two speciesof fish.The precursors of cadaverine, putrescine and tyramine were lysine, histidine andtyrosine.The lysine, histidine and tyrosine in C. lucidus was higher than that in H.nehereus.2) common freshwater fish(H. leuciclus and C. basilewsl)The content of T-VBN increased from5.21mg/100g (0h) to664.84mg/100g (48h)in H. leuciclus, and from9.08mg/100g (0h) to755.42mg/100g (48h) in C. basilewsl. The increase in the T-VBN content of C. basilewsl was significantly higher than that inH. nehereus. The T-VBN contents of H. leuciclus, and C. basilewsl exceeded thenational edible standard of20mg/100g after7h and5.5h respectively. Therefore thesetwo species were not suitable to eat after7h and5.5h respectively.The highest in thecontents of biogenic amines detected in these two species in order were cadaverine,putrescine, histamine and tyramine. The contents of these four biogenic aminesincreased significantly with the extension of storage time（P＜0.05）. The content ofcadaverine putrescine and histamine in C. basilewsl was significantly higher than that inH. leuciclus（P＜0.05）. The contents of octopamine and serotonin were low. Thechanges of these amines were not significant in all times（P＞0.05）. Dopamine,spermidine and spermine was not detected in these two species.The contents of T-VBN, cadaverine, putrescine, histamine and tyramine werefound to correlate closely（P＜0.01）with the storage time in these two species. Theseindexes could be used as the potential quality indices of freshness in these two speciesof fish.The precursors of cadaverine and tyramine were lysine and tyrosine.The lysineand tyrosine in C. lucidus was higher than that in H. nehereus.2.Effects of feeding different fresh trash fish and compound feed on survival,growth and tissue accumulation of Juveniles of the Chinese Mitten CrabThe survival rate, molting rate,weight gain rate, growth rate of carapace width andcarapace length in fresh trash fish treatment and stale trash fish treatment weresignificantly lower than in compound feed treatment （P＜0.05）. The moltingrate,weight gain rate, feed efficiency rate，growth rate of carapace width and carapacelength in stale trash fish treatment were significantly lower than in fresh trash fishtreatmen（tP＜0.05）,and there were no significantly differences in other growth indexes（P＞0.05）.There were also no significantly differences on molting cycle (C3-C4,C4-C5) in these three treatments（P＞0.05）.The growth indexes of juveniles of theChinese Mitten Crab were better in compound feed treatment than in other treatments.The compound feed should be recommended as a better diet. The biogenic amines in three diets and C5was analyzed using HPLC, and foundthat there were certain accumulation on cadaverine，putrescine and tyramine. It couldbe concluded that stale trash fish had clear negative effects on juveniles of the ChineseMitten Crab. Certain biogenic amines of stale trash fish may be accumulated injuveniles of the Chinese Mitten Crab.3.Effects of feeding different biogenic amines supplemented diets on survival,growth and tissue accumulation of Juveniles of the Chinese Mitten Crab.The survival rate, molting rate,weight gain rate, growth rate of carapace width andcarapace length in Diet2were significantly lower than in Diet1（P＜0.05）.The growthrate of carapace width in Diet4were significantly lower than in Diet1（P＜0.05）. Andthere were no significantly differences in other growth indexes（P＞0.05）.There weresignificant inhibition on the growth of the crab in cadaverine.There were also slightinhibition in tyramine.The cadaverine,putrescine and tyramine are accumulated in juveniles of theChinese Mitten Crab. |
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