| Hucho taimen and Brachymystax lenok are indigenous and endangered cold-waterfish in China, high levels of nutritional value, delicious, and broad market prospects.Hucho taimen and Brachymystax lenok♂artificial breeding technology has beensuccessful, because of the hybrid mortality and abnormal rates are lower than those oftwo parents groups, and inherited Brachymystax lenok easy openings, feeding good,and also inherited Hucho taimen’s advantages of rapidly growing and individual of thebig. hybrids showed hybrid advantages in good anti-disease, fast-growing, with a greatdevelopment application and scientific research potential, consequently provide avaluable theoretical basis of crossbreeding cultivate high yield, superior quality onbreed improvement. In this study, analysis and discriminant on Genetic Constitution andmorphological variations of Hucho taimen、Brachymystax lenok and Hybrids (Huchotaimen×Brachymystax lenok♂),and the preliminary research on the releasing ofHucho taimen in Huma river were discussed to provide important data:Genetic structure of three populations (Hucho taimen and Brachymystax lenok andhybrids) was analyzed by SRAP molecular marker. The results are as follows:(1)Hucho taimen and Brachymystax lenok have percentages of48.29%and48.53%of allbands, the result showed very high genetic identity in the two populations. In thehybrids, the amplified fragments included30.30%female parent-specific bands,25.54%male parent-specific bands and39.39%mutual bands, the hybridization between theparents are gamogenesis and most genetic material come from both of the parents.(2)The abundance of genetic diversity in the three populations arranged in a decentorder was Brachymystax lenok＞hybrids＞Hucho taimen, and the hybrids had obviousheterosis.(3)53interspecies specific loci were screened out. Combining part of thoseloci can effectively identify the hybrids.(4) The hybrid has a genetic distance of0.2553 and0.3858from Hucho taimen and Brachymystax lenok, separately, which elucidatesthe hybrids had an unequal heredity difference to its parents and a genetic inclination toits female parent.The morphological variations and discriminant methods of Hucho taimen,Brachymystax lenok and their hybrid were studied using traditional morphometrics andthe truss network analysis. Cluster analysis, discriminant analysis and principalcomponent analysis were applied to the measurable character data and the truss networkdata. The results indicated that the hybrid resembled Hucho taimen from body shape,and there were greater morphological differences among Hucho taimen, Brachymystaxlenok and their hybrid. Through the discriminant analysis of constructing a discriminantformula, only11in measuring trait parameters can be effectively distinguish hybridvarieties, which the discrimination accuracy was100.0%, and for the future of thehybrid identification to provide reliable basis.30microsatellite primers were used for genetic analysis for HM, WZ, HT, HT4L.To84individual, through the Structure software analyses genetic component,Phylip3.69software and MEGA4.0software do clustering analysis. Come to aconclusion, WZ1、WZ2、WZ6and WZ13are released. Genetic diversity of WZ is higherthan HM,，indicate that genetic diversity of Hucho taimen has increased in HUMAriver, enhancement and releasing play an effective role in promoting population quantityand gene recombination to mature individuals under natural conditions.Through the above research, we provide strong basic data support for hybridbreeding from the genetic structure and morphological variations. We made apreliminary assessment to releasing effect, and provide the theoretical data about theprogress of the releasing work for the related departments, in order to expand the scaleof the further releasing provides feasibility reference value. |
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