Research About Effects And Mechanism Of A New Kind Of Phosphate-Solubilizing Microorganisms When Applied In The Soil

As the population explosion intensifies, and contradiction between large population and food supply is prominent day by day, improving crop yield is urgently needed. Phosphorus is one of the main nutrient elements of plants which limit the growth of plants and exists mainly as un-dissolved mine forms in the soil. When soluble phosphate is applied into the soil, most of it is adsorbed by a special substance or become sediment through chemical reaction. Then transform into Invalid state phosphorus that can not be absorbed by plants, leading to corps’ reducing of utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer on the season. Even with lagged, its utilization rate is generally not more than25%. Therefore, most of the phosphate fertilizer accumulates in the soil as invalid state. This kind of phosphorus accounts for a large proportion in the soil, especially in northern areas’ lime soil. Releasing this fixed phosphorus in the soil is of great importance when it comes to promote the efficiency of phosphorus utilization and reduce using of phosphorus fertilizer. There were a lot of scholars and experts studied the application of microorganisms in agricultural production before. An increasing number of studies about phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and the phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms’fertilizer appear at present. Last year some scholars have separated and screened24kinds of barren soil which planted corns before. These bacterial strains have strong capacity. The results of field test show that fermentation broth with dissolved phosphorus applied with fertilizer, the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied in the field decrease one third or two-thirds has no significant difference with the total content phosphate processing on production, the production of each treatment group is higher than the control group. Phosphate-solubilizing microorganism fertilizer has applied in our country for a period of time, but it develops slowly and is not common used. Reasons account for this varies, the main ones of which are as follows:kinds of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms are various, decomposition are not the same and mechanism is complex, etc. Although there are some studies about this, but are insufficient. Firstly, phosphate-solubilizing mechanism is not very clear. Secondly, we know few about the conditions of soil after applied phosphate-solubilizing microorganism, such as discipline of activity, circumstances about growth and decline and function of phosphorus-solubilizing bacterial.This research studies a kind of phosphate-solubilizing biological activator’s impacts to corns’production in three different soils by means of pot and field experiment. The research mainly includes:phosphate-solubilizing biological activator’s impacts to corns’growth and yield, research about the effects of the biological activator of soil phosphorus to pH change and nutrients (mainly available p) change rules, research about the influence of soil conditions (temperature, humidity, time) to p biological activator flora changing and the best method of application. To achieve our goal, we carried out field experiment, potted growth experiment and fixed value training experiment in three different kinds of soils. Bacterial manure includes seeds particles and seed dressing. Crop of the experiment is corn. We set eight different treatments in every experiment, and then test biological characters of corn’s different growth period and physicochemical property of soil. In the end, we can draw conclusions from the experiments that:(1) In early time of corns’growth period, fertilization of the phosphate-solubilizing microbial has no significant effect on corns, results of some are even worse than control group.(2) In the late time of corns’ growth period, the phosphate-solubilizing microorganism plays a significant role in promoting corns’ yield, but dry climate affects phosphate-solubilizing microorganism’s function, such as chernozem.(3) On the three types of soil, phosphate-solubilizing bacterial plays an important role on corns’ yield; Comparing with farmers’ habit, the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied in the soil decrease one third or two-thirds has no significant difference with the total content phosphate processing on production.(4) We suggest that when applying phosphate-solubilizing microorganism in the soil, we should give full considerations to the influence of temperature, moisture and activated carbon source to bacterium and come up with appropriate solutions for this. This study starts after reading many of literatures and collecting enough information related to the phosphate-solubilizing microorganism, and it combines with the practical problems. Comparing with previous study, this research involves in a wider range and meets with the need of the actual production of crops, and it has significant effects on guiding agricultural production.