Heterosis And Genetic Analysis Of The Hybrids Between Cultivated Eggplant(Solanum Melongena) And Hainan Eggplant(Solanum Hainanense)

The wild resource of eggplant is rich in resistance genes. Distant hybridization has become an important way of variety improvement and germplasm innovation. This way can transgress the favorable genes into cultivated species. Most characters are quantitative traits which are controlled by major genes and poly genes.The researches about the quality and yield of eggplant using mixed model of major genes and poly genes are reported less at present. In the trial, two cultivars (Long eggplant Heilong and round eggplant Zengfeng NO.2) and Solanum hainanense are used to produce two sets of materials which containing six populations about P1、P2、F1、B1、B2and F2respectively. We study the heterosis of F1and segregating populations, and the inheritance of eggplant’s quality and agronomic with mixed model of major genes and poly genes. The main results are as follows:1. There are transgressive heterosis in the height, length and width of the biggest leaf, plant spreading and fruit number per plant in the two crosses. The yield per plant, fruits’ diameter in cross I and fruits’ transect diameter are lower than mid-parent’s. Others are basically between those of mid-parent and high-parent.The three quality characters are lower than mid-parent’s and near the lower parent’s.2. The plant characters (Height,length and width of the biggest leaf,and plant spreading) of F2and B1are higher than mid-parent’s and F1’s,and those of B2are near the value of mid-parent and F1. The yield per plant of B2in two crosses is different, that in cross I is lower than the value of mid-parent and F1and that in cross II is opposite. The weight per fruit in all segregating populations is lower than that in mid-parent and F1,except the population B1which is higher than mid-parent’s and F1’s obviously. Some of the quality characters in segregation populations are higher than those of mid-parent.Compared with F1, the three quality characters of F2and B1populations are higher than F1’s, but B2’s is lower and tended to the backcross parent’s.3. Using the mixed model of major genes and poly genes to analyse some characters, the results are as follows:The inheritance of protein content in two crosses is the same, both for B-1model, which is two additive-dominance-epitasis major genes. The inheritance of yield per plant in two crosses and weight per1000seeds in cross I is D-1model, which is one additive major genes plus additive-dominance poly genes. The inheritance of soluble sugar content is different in two crosses, that in cross Ⅱ is D-1model, that in cross Ⅰ is E-3, which is two equal additive major genes plus additive-dominance poly genes. The inheritance of sucrose content is different in two crosses, that in cross Ⅰ is E-3model, that in cross Ⅱ is D-1model. The character having prickles on leaves and stems is controlled by a pair of dominant genes.