| Eryou498, a hybrid rice with heavy panicle was used to investigate the performance of grain yield, roots, transportation of dry matters of stem and the lodging resistance of the culm under different cultivation models, which included the wide and narrow row cultivation, triangle-planted system of rice intensification(TSRI), same row spacing cultivation and seedling-throwing cultivation under ZT(zero-tillage) and PT(plough-tillage). The main results are as follows:1. As for Eryou498with heavy panicle, insufficient source has always been the limit factor to increase grain yield. Though grain-leaf ratio of ZT rice enhancement had increased photosynthesis of leaves, source shortage was still solved completely. PT rice with significant more tillers had a better coordination between sink and source and obtained a significantly higher grain yield though with a lower grain-leaf ratio than ZT rice. In this research, grains per panicle and filling grain rate of both ZT rice and PT rice were quite high, through which to boost photosynthesis of leaves was difficult. Hence, increasing tillers to ensure enough effective panicles, which will boost source and sink together is the ultimate way to solve the contradiction and increases grain yield significantly.2. The grains per panicle,1000-grain weight and spike rate of seedling-throwing cultivation, TSRI and same row spacing cultivation were of little difference under ZT and PT. However, their effecetive panicles per ha-1under PT were much more than that of ZT rice which significantly increased the yield. The effective panicles per ha-1of wide and narrow row cultivation under ZT was insufficient, but its grains per panicle was higher, so the grain yields of it under ZT and PT were not significantly different.3. The contact of root biomass and root activity of rice population was quite close. There would be higher root activity if there was more root biomass. Root biomass of TSRI was large under PT and its decrease ratio was quite low, so the root activity of single stem and rice population were significantly higher than others, which was the foundation of high grain yield. The root of same row spacing cultivation under PT grew more slowly than that under ZT, but the root under PT decreased slowly which still enable same row spacing cultivation under PT to maintain a higher root activity and to get a higher yield.4. Under ZT, stem biomass accumulation of each cultivation method was of little variance, but different remarkably in biomass transportation. However, under PT, stem biomass accumulation and transportation of each cultivation method were in contrast with what they had been under ZT. Under ZT, wide and narrow row cultivation increased stem biomass for a maximum duration, while Under PT, it was TSRI which increased stem biomass for a maximum duration, and wide and narrow row cultivation increased stem biomass with a maximum efficiency. At the initial stage of grain filling, timely and efficient biomass transportation was critical to the realization of high-yield. TSRI whose grain yield was significantly higher than others had a higher biomass transportation efficiency within two weeks after heading stage. With more leaf biomass transported to the panicle, grain yield dropped significantly, which indicated that the output of leaf biomass had weakened its photosynthesis capacity which had a negative effect on grain yield.5. Different tillage modes, various cultivations and the interaction effects between them had a great impact on morphological characters of rice. Cavity area, internodes length and density of N3and flat ratio of N4generally had an impact on lodging index of N3, N4and N5. Under ZT, wide and narrow row cultivation both had a high grain yield and a great lodging resistance, so it was the most appropriate cultivation mode. Under PT, TSRI whose grain yield was significantly higher than others and lodging index of each internode was small, was the best cultivation mode. |
PDF Full Text Request