Effect Of Green Manure And Chemical Fertilizer Application On Crop Yield,Nutrient Uptake And Soil Properties In Wheat/Maize System

In the hilly area of center Sichuan, the arid land agriculture usually uses the ripe planter pattern, the multiple cropping index is high, the land utilization intensity is big, the farming soil fertility maintenance and the improvement are important topic which guarantee high production of crops and the realization of sustainable development of arid land agriculture Therefore, this article took the arid land wheat/corn system in the Zhongjiang County Cangshan town as the object. Took the treatments with no fertilizer as the blank comparison. Developed the different green manure returning quantity experiment and the different chemical fertilizer quantity with the same level green manure returning quantity experiment Researched the effects of short-term winter and summer green manure returning on yield of winter wheat and corn,nutrient absorption as well as the soil characteristic.Anticipated to provided the theory basis and the technical support for the short-term winter and summer green manure usage in the reserved blank line of arid land grain and crops in the hilly area of center Sichuan. The test result indicated that:1. Turning pressed green manure treatment could in a certain extent improve crops’ agronomic characters. Under the condition of same chemical fertilizer quantity, comparing the green manure returning treatment in corn season (LGF、 MGF、HGF) to the CK1treatment (do not return green manure), agronomic characters had distinct or remarkable improvements, And along with the increase of green manure returning, the maize ear thick, the lines number of ear, the hundred grains heavy and the grain number increased as a whole, the agronomic characters of different green manure returning quantity treatment(LGF, MGF, HGF) in wheat season didn’t have remarkable differences, But comparing to CK1treatment (does not return green manure), Its plant height, ear length obviously increased and the grain number dropped down, but the thousand grains weight did not have obvious difference。2. Green manure returning treatments had advantageous for enhancement of crops’ dry material accumulation and the output。 Under the condition of same chemical fertilizer quantity, the dry matter weight of the adult plant and various organs in green manure returning treatment(LGF, MGF, HGF) in corn and wheat season was higher than the CK1treatment obviously, Also as a whole it increased along with the enhance of green manure returning quantity.Under the condition of same chemical fertilizer quantity, The yield of green manure returning treatments (LGF、 MGF、 HGF) were remarkably higher than the CK1treatment, And it increased along with the enhance of green manure returning quantity.The yield of Corn in three treatments of LGF, MGF, the HGF were not remarkable, But the yield of wheat in treatment of HGF obviously bigger than the treatments of LGF, MGF.3. Green manure returning treatment (LGF, MGF, HGF) was advantageous to the accumulation of adult plant nutrient. Under the condition of same chemical fertilizer quantity, the NPK nutrient accumulation quantities of the corn and wheat returning treatments were all obviously higher than the CK1treatment.Simultaneously the adult plant NPK nutrient accumulation quantity as a whole increased along with enhance of green manure returning quantities.4. The green manure returning treatments (LGF, MGF, HGF) were advantageous to the improvements of soil physical and chemistry characters. Comparing to CK1, The green manure returning treatments in corn and wheat season were able to reduce the soil bulk and the soil PH value, increase the porosity, enhances the soil ulmin content and the effective nitrogen phosphorus potassium content to a certain extent. Under the condition of same chemical fertilizer quantity, along with the enhance of green manure returning quantity, the soil physical chemistry character has the further improvement tendency.5. In the same level of green manure returning quantity, Along with chemical fertilizer quantity reduction, The agronomic characters of corn and the wheat as a whole reduced slightly,But in different chemical fertilizer amount treatments (HG、 MF、 LF) as well as between the CK2(do not fertilize) the agronomic characters were not remarkable different.6. In corn and wheat growth season, dry matter heavy of adult plant and yield of different chemical fertilizer quantity treatments (HG, MF, LF) was remarkably higher than the CK2treatment, But dry material accumulation quantity of HG, MF, LF treatments were not different remarkably. Under same green manure returning quantity, The corn and the wheat yield of different chemical fertilizer quantity treatments (HG, MF, LF)all reduced as enhance of chemical fertilizer quantity. Corn yield in HG, MF, LF treatments were not remarkable different, But HG treatment yield in wheat season obviously was higher than LF treatments.7. In corn and wheat season, the NPK nutrient accumulation quantity of different chemical fertilizer quantity treatments (HG, MF, LF) were obviously higher than the CK2treatment, In the same level of green manure returning quantity, Adult plant nutrient accumulation quantity in HG, MF, LF were not remarkably different, But as a whole it reduced along with the drop of chemical fertilizer quantity.8. In corn and wheat season, reduce fertilizes in the same level of green manure returning quantity, The physics properties of soil had a little change.In the same level of green manure returning quantity, along with reduction of chemical fertilizer quantity, the soil organic matter content and the effective NPK content as a whole had slightly reduced. Soil chemistry character of HG、MF、LF treatments were not remarkably different(Except that soil effective phosphorus content of HG treatment in corn season obviously was higher than MF, LF treatments).9. To sum up the test results above, in arid land wheat/corn system located in the hilly area of center Sichuan green manure returning could improve the adult plant agronomic characters, promote dry material accumulation and enhance the crops yield, simultaneously are advantageous for the improvement of soil physical chemistry character. In condition of green manure returning, moderate reducing chemical fertilizer cannot reduce the crops yield obviously, has small influence on the soil physical chemistry character. Suggest to use the treatment of green manure15000kg/hm2+85%chemical fertilizer (MF) for suitably.