Design And Experimental Study Of The Multifunction Subsoiler And Key Components

With the continuous development of modern agriculture and the state for a large numberof inputs of agricultural subsidies, a variety of farm machinery are putting into use, so thatfarmers freed from the heavy manual labor. But, precision farming also produced the adverseconsequences year after year, the black earth of northeast is hardened, soil moisture is reduced.The black soil in most parts of the northeast from80cm down to20cm, soil fertility decreasedsignificantly, so conservation tillage is put forward and becoming widely accepted. As animportant measure of conservation tillage, the attention of subsoiling technology has beenpaid. The author designed a space surface deep loose part and multifunctional subsoilingmachine. I conducted field test to verify the effects of subsoiling parts and multifunctionalsubsoiling machine.On the analysis of subsoiling components’ mechanism and the plow’s reference curve, Ihave designed a space surface subsoiling parts under absorbing the advantages of threecommon deep shovels. The deep loose parts mainly consists of three parts, upper structures ofshovel shaft, shovel shaft, and the tip of shovel. The curved surface of subsoiler part is formedby the curve MN and PQ. MN and PQ in the three-dimensional coordinate system satisfy thefollowing equation: MN “z=4E-07x~4-0.0002x~3+0.0225x~2-0.573x+16.731” and PQ “z=1E-05y~4-0.0031y~3+0.3223y~2-12.357y+159.19”. The shovel handle length of250mm to300mm, work surface arc length of300mm to400mm, deep shovel plowing width of150mmto180mm, blade thickness is25mm to30mm. After the calculating of subsoiling partmathematical model, I designed3D model by software, as well as finite element analysis isdone, according to the results of the analysis, there is no stress concentration points.According to the deformation, the deformation of the worst parts in the shovel tip, themaximum deformation is0.79mm. This suggests that the parameters are rational.In order to meet the requirements of combination process, multifunctional subsoiler cancomplete cutting stubble, subsoiling, fertilization and soil preparation with four multi-functionjoint operations, it improves work efficiency. According to the requirements for use of themachine, the machine is formed mainly four functional modules: ripper cut stubble,subsoiling, fertilization and soil preparation. Four modules rational allocation, work alone andcan ensure effectiveness to achieve the basic requirements of the combination process.Field test mainly includes three aspects: First, find out the change rule by examining thesoil compactness before and after the field operation. Contrast the soil compactness before,the soil compactness is significantly reduced after the subsoiling operation. Three depths of soil were reduced by65%,48%and46%, so we can say space surface subsoiling parts have agood performance. Second, to examine the depth and the stability of the deep, four-strokesubsoiling machine operations to measure, the stability of the deep calculated were98.89%,99.57%,99.45%and98.97%which are in line with the national standard requirements. Third,in order to test the impact of subsoiling operation on soil moisture, measured soil moisturecontent before and after subsoiling. The average moisture content of no subsoiling is12.8%and the plot of subsoiling is18.4%.