Effects Of Cattle Manure On Plant Reproductive Traits And Soil Properties For Continuous Planting Soybeans

The impacts of fertilizer and cow manure on Fertility character, production, quality, and soil properties of10strains soybeans are studied by field randomized block experiment. In order to select the high quality soybean varieties for continuous cropping, the characteristic of the soil the soybean planted in is analyzed and several indexes of10strains soybeans fertilized with cow muck are also compared with soybean only with fertilizer. The reulst shows that as followed:Afer manure dung, plant height, pod number of pod and stem nodes, and stem diameter of the continuous cropping soybean increase more or less, which differ in different strains. Cow muck provides essential nutrients for different growth stages of soybean. The hundred-grain weight is between17.9grams and19.6grams with more or less increase. There exist interactions between cow muck and varieties in gowth of the soybean. Interactions differ in various strains, significantly in JIUNONG36(A), JIYU47(E),JIUNONG29(H),JIUNONG26(J); indistinctively in JIUHEI1(G).Purple spot rate, brown spot rate and downy mildew rate increase with continuous croping years in chemical fertilizer group compared with the cow manure group, differently in various strains.Rate of diseased grains of YANNONG11(D) and JIYU72(C) increases in replanting treatment compared with in first-planting treatment, as well as the protein content, but the fat content shows indistinctive. Soybean-yields in cow manure group show a rising tendency compared with the chemical fertilizer group, and JIYU47(E) has a increase with36.7%in the top, JIYU72(C)14.43%at the bottom.Strain-selection is important for cow manure in replanting treatment to improve the soybean-yields.Additions of cow manure has a great impact on physical and chemical properties of soil in replanting treatment, which makes pH in a stable range for crop growth, so the pH of the soil in replanting treatment changes insignificantly.10strains soybeans in cow manure group grow under good conditons with the content of soil organic matter over30.0g/kg.The pH of the soil decrease obviously with long-term application of chemical fertilizer, and the content of rapidly available potassium is equal to or more than150mg/kg, rapidly available phosphorus with the content between10mg/kg and15mg/kg; alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen with the content between141mg/kg and263mg/kg. Soil fertility of JIUNONG29and JIYU47has been improved obviously. Cow manure can restore the soil of replanting soybeans. There is a positive correlation between the content of the organic matter and the content of alkaline hydrolytic nitrogenrapidly, available phosphorusrapidly, and available potassium.After treatment of cow manure, compared with chemical fertilizer group, the biomass of rhizosphere microorganisms have been influenced greatly; bacteria, actinomyces and fungi increase, differently in various growth stages. The amounts of fungi increase between27.94%and4.62%(JIUNONG36), as well as penicillium, the top27.94%(JIFENG1) and the bottom13.77%(JIUNONG36), and rhizobium, the top92%(JIUNONG36) and the bottom13.3%(JIYU72). Cow manure can improve the health ability and self-purification capacity, so the amout of pathogenic bacteria decrease greatly comared with the control group, by28.62%and68.6%respectively. There exist interactions between cow muck and varieties, differently in various strains.Comparing cow manure group and chemical fertilizer group, except that activities of acid phosphatase of JIUNONG29decreases, Catalase the greatest increases as JIYU47, increased from85.57%, to increase the minimum is JIUHEI1, increased from1.96%. Urease activity increase is the biggest YANNONG11, increased from108.69%, to increase the minimum is JIUHEI1, increased from13.33%. Acid phosphatase activity increase is the biggest YANNONG11, increased from75%, to increase the minimum is JIUNONG29, increase of-8.02%. Converting enzyme activity increased maximum is JIUNONG36, increased by7.89%, to increase the minimum of JIUNONG27, increased by0.46%. Cattle manure organic fertilizer supplement the insufficient soil nutrients, soil available nutrient promoted enzyme activity microbial provides energy and matrix. The differences of different soybean varieties, application of cattle manure organic fertilizer should be with the corresponding supporting species, can produce the biggest effect.