Characteristics Of Three Drought-induced Genes And Their Responses To Abiotic Stresses In Wheat

Based on the data obtained from the gene expression profiling under the drought-stress in the roots of the wheat cultivar’LuoHan2’, three drought-induced genes were cloned by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), and their expression patterns under the droughtand, salt-stresses, ABA treatment, as well as the environment temperature were studied. The plant expression vectors of CaWPM-1and CamRAB78-1gene were constructed and were used in the genetic transformation of wheat plants. The main results were showed as follows:The full-length cDNA of TaPM19-1is1090bp and no introns were included, which encodes182amino acids with a molecular weight of19.02kDa, and an typical TaPM19-1conserved domain was found in it. Based on the amino acid sequence,16AWPM19-like proteins from different plant species were sorted into3categories, TaPM19-1and3others,2AWMP19-like proteins of Hordeum vulgare and1of Brachypodium distachyon, were highly similar and included in the third category. The structural prediction of TaPM19-1revealed that4transmembrane regions with alphal helixes can be formed, the N-terminal with a signal peptide of27amino acids length were located inside the membrane, and C-terminus including about40amino acids was located inside. ORF of TLEA4is510bp, which encodes182amino acids; ORF of TLEA5is492bp, which encodes163amino acids; The results of TaLEA4and TaLEA5segment genome DNA analysis shows that, There was a striking difference in TaLEA4gene sequences between’LuoHan2’ and’Chinese Spring’, while the TaLEA5gene sequences in the detection region were identical.Expression patterns of cloned genes showed that, in the’Luohan2’and’Chinese Spring’two varieties roots, TaPM19-1, TaLEA5and TaLEA4three genes were up-regulated expression under ABA-induced; But in the leaves, the expression levels of the three gene were very low. Under the water-stress, the expression of TaPM19-1gene can be detected only under stress treatment0.5h in two species roots and leaves, and the expression of TaPM19-1gene was enhanced with the lapse of time:There was an increased trend in expression induced of TaLEA5and TaLEA4in the two varieties roots, but there was no obvious expression in the leaves. Under the NaCl treatment, in ’Luohan2’, TaPM19-1gene were induced expression in the roots and leaves, the TaLEA4only was detected under48h in roots, TaLEA5was not detected in roots and leaves;, In’Chinese Spring’, the TaLEA4only was detected under6h in roots, other gene were not detected in roots and leaves. Under42℃treatment, TaPM19-1gene was induced expression in roots and leaves of’Luohan2’, but it was not detected in roots and leaves of’Chinese Spring’; TaLEA5can be induced by heat stress in leaves of’Luohan2’and’Chinese Spring’, but it was not detected in roots; TaLEA4can be induced by heat stress in roots and leaves of the two varieties. Under4℃treatment, the TaLEA4only was detected under24h in’Chinese Spring’ roots, other gene were not detected in roots and leaves of the two varieties.The plant expression vectors of TaPM19-1and TaLEA4gene were constructed, and TaLEA4was used in the genetic transformation of wheat plants. The identification of transgenic plants showed that1transgenic wheat plants.