The Studies On Responsible Of Soil Fertilizer Factors On Potato Production

As the largest potato cultivation countries in our world, it has most cultivated areas and total tubers production. But it has the lower average yield unit area for fertilitied unreasonable and unscientific. If could settle down the contradiction between potato production and yield, and the same time, using southern idle agricultural soil rationale has important significance to reduce the food crisis coursed by agriculture acreage decreasing in our country. The experiment is designed as complete randomezed block and ported potato in port, and it has studied the effects of fertilization on growth, yield and quality of potatoes in dissimilar agrotypes Hunan province (purple ochre, Ouaternary Period red soil, Rivers capping mass, plate shale laterite and limestone laterite). Simultaneously, compared the dynamics change of fertilizations of soil after the cultivated potatoes and the plant nutrient of potato plants under the same fertilized levels, which was provided the scientific and rational basis for cultivated good potatoes in dissimilar agrotypes, and ascertain the trends change of bio-chemical characteristics of cultivated soils and the nutrient of potato plants during the whole growth time. The following conclusions were obtained:1. The height of tuberring middle stage, and the height of in mature periods were significantly affected by dissimilar agrotypes, but littler on blade leaves of plants. The height of Rivers capping mass and the purple ochre were the highest among five dissimilar agrotypes. The fertilizer levels in the same agrotype have significant influenced on potato blade leaves and the height of potato plant in tuherring stage and mature stage.2. Potato shoot fresh weight, potato dry weight, potato underground fresh weight and dry weight are significantly subjected to agrotype and fertilization levels effects. There is remarkable difference between potato shoot fresh weight, and potato dry weight, and potato underground fresh weight and dry weight among dissimilar agrotype, and it is greater influence in underground than in potato shoot fresh weight, but lower differences in levels of fertilizer.3. The dissimilar agrotypes was affected the potato outputs. And it is the highest in purple ochre soil and that the average output is1785.89±310.6kg/mu, and the lowest is the Ouaternary Period red soil and the average output is1111.11±182.5kg/mu in5dissimilar agrotypes. There are letter differences in4different fertilization levels, and in fertilization level of100kg/mu, which the yield perunit of area in5agrotypes are all highest.4. Dissimilar agrotypes have the different impacts on potato tuber quality under vary fertilizer levels. According to Potato tuber Vc content, protein content, and dry matter content, in the Quaternary red clay, limestone and red shale, purple soil and plate shale laterite are potato tubers are better quality in terms under application of100kg/mu S-fertilizer levels, and potatoes are better quality in terms in rivers capping mass application of125kg/mu fertilizer levels,. And the starch of potato tubers is at their highest levels in fertilizer level application of125kg/mu fertilizer levels.5. Cultivation potato plants can improve the physical and chemical properties on all agrotypes in this test. And the soil organic matter content and other nutriment increased in those5dissimilar agrotypes; such as soil total nitrogen, total potassium, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus content, but it also reduced potassium in the soil and pH.6. Potatoes plant in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content decreased gradually from the seedling stage to maturity, and it also related to its growth times. The nutrient elements types and concentration in potato plants cultivated in dissimilar agrotypes was different, and the trend of changes is significant divergent on potato plant in over-ground and underground.