Research On Regional Soil Nutrient Status Comprehensive Evaluation And Fertilization Index System Of Main Crops

This paper chooses Rice Field-Upland Field Rotation and Wheat-Corn Field Rotationof Anhui Province for the study area, The statistical area includes Fengtai, Guichi,Quanjiao, Wuwei, Mingguang, Lujiang, Guzhen, Huaiyuan, Wuhe, Xiaoxian, Mengcheng,Jieshou, Lingbi, Suixi, Linquan and Yingquan County (District).The soil nutrient data ofthe conventional method and ’3414’ field experiments data from2006to2008of the16Counties (Districts) are collected in2008-2010. Rice statistical area includes Fengtai,Guichi, Quanjiao, Wuwei, Mingguang, Lujiang and Juchao County (District); Wheatstatistical area includes Fengtai, Mingguang, Quanjiao, Huaiyuan and Wuhe County(District); Corn statistical area includes Guzhen, Huaiyuan, Xiaoxian, Mengcheng, Jieshou,Lingbi, Suixi,Linquan and Yingquan County (District); Soil nutrient statistical areaincludes Guichi, Mingguang, Juchao, Feidong, Lujiang and Wuwei County (District).Quantitative description and Fuzzy evaluation soil nutrient status of the6Counties(Districts) by using Microsoft Excel, DPS, SPSS statistical analysis software and Analysis’3414’ field experiments data by regression and cluster analysis. Main results are asfollows:1. The soil nutrients status of different RegionAccording to the frequency distribution of soil available nutrient and combined withsoil nutrients grade index of the second national soil survey. The soil nutrient overall statusof different Counties (Districts) can be described as follow:The level of soil organic matter of Guichi, Lujiang, Wuwei and JuchaoCounty(District) is higher (the average content is25.48g/kg,23.12g/kg,22.1g/kg and21.9g/kg), Feidong is moderate (19.0g/kg), Mingguang is Lower (14.7g/kg); The soil totalnitrogen content of Lujiang, Wuwei, Mingguang and Juchao County (District) is lower (theaverage content is1.37g/kg,1.4g/kg,0.92g/kg and1.2g/kg), Guichi is moderate (1.76g/kg),Feidong is higher (4.54g/kg); The content of soil available P of Guichi, Lujiang, Wuwei,Feidong, Mingguang and Juchao is generally lower (the average content is12.85mg/kg,10.31mg/kg,1.3mg/kg,15.6mg/kg and13.7mg/kg), Mingguang is moderate (21.8mg/kg);The content of soil available K of Guichi, Lujiang, Wuwei, Mingguang and Feidong isgenerally lower(the average conten is81.43mg/kg,77.36mg/kg,99.4mg/kg,97.0mg/kgand92.6mg/kg), Juchao is moderate (113.9mg/kg); The content of soil zinc content ofGuichi, Lujiang and Mingguang is higher (the average content is2.36mg/kg,1.96mg/kg and2.0mg/kg), Juchao and Feidong are moderate (1.6mg/kg and1.3mg/kg), Wuwei islower (0.9mg/kg); The content of soil boron of Guichi, Lujiang, Wuwei, Mingguang andJuchao County (District) is lower (the average content is0.46mg/kg,0.36mg/kg,0.4mg/kg,0.7mg/kg and0.6mg/kg), Feidong is moderate (1.3mg/kg).2. Establish region soil nutrient grade indexUsing different soil available nutrient relative to theirs corresponding yield to fitlogarithmic curve and calculate the available nutrient content of soil of relative yield of50%,70%,90%and50%,75%,95%. Establish soil nutrients grading index of RiceField-Upland Field Rotation of Anhui Province.Soil organic matter content <10g/kg is extreme lack,10-20g/kg is lack,20-33g/kg ismoderate,>33g/kg is rich; Soil available P content <3.3mg/kg is extreme lack，3.3-11.5mg/kg is lack,11.5-31.6mg/kg is moderate,>31.6mg/kg is rich; Soil available Kcontent <50.4mg/kg is extreme lack,50.4-95.7mg/kg is lack,95.7-162mg/kg is moderate,>162mg/kg is rich.3. The fertilizer effect of different RegionThe fertilizer effect of N is the largest in Rice, Wheat and Corn Experiments, theaverage increase rate was58.66%,106.21%and50.95%; The fertilizer effect of K is betterthan P of Rice and Corn Experiments, the average increase rate was19.46%,18.14%,12.71%and12.38%; The fertilizer effect of P is better than K of Wheat Experiments, theaverage increase rate was26.2%and16.67%. The comprehensive effect of N, P, K issignificant, the overall average increase rate of Wheat Experiments was137.39%, Rice andCorn Experiments is lower (77.20%and73.52%).4. The recommendation fertilizer of different regionAccording to classification of the basis soil fertility, Rice Experiment is divided intofour levels (<50%,50%-60%,60%-70%,>70%); Wheat and Corn Experiment are dividedinto two levels (<50%,>50%). Rice Experiment with different levels of fertilizer: Thehighest yield of N fertilizer usage amount is15.44kg/667m~2,14.02kg/667m~2,14.25kg/667m~2and15.38kg/667m~2; the highest yield of P fertilizer usage amount is4.78kg/667m~2,5.24kg/667m~2,5.31kg/667m~2and1.49kg/667m~2; the highest yield of Kfertilizer usage amount is9.20kg/667m~2,10.03kg/667m~2,12.06kg/667m~2and7.38kg/667m~2. Wheat Experiment with different levels of fertilizer: The highest yield of Nfertilizer usage amount is15.34kg/667m~2and15.45kg/667m~2; the highest yield of Pfertilizer usage amount is5.30kg/667m~2and7.75kg/667m~2; the highest yield of K fertilizer usage amount is9.24kg/667m~2and8.64kg/667m~2. Corn Experiment with different levelsof fertilizer: The highest yield of N fertilizer usage amount is21.27kg/667m~2and20.74kg/667m~2; the highest yield of P fertilizer usage amount is8.50kg/667m~2and5.01kg/667m~2; the highest yield of K fertilizer usage amount is12.18kg/667m~2and8.66kg/667m~2.5. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation region soil nutrient statusAccording to the maximum membership degree of Fuzzy Evaluation Method, the soilnutrient level maximum membership degree of Guichi, Quanjiao, Wuwei, Mingguang,Lujiang and Juchao County (District) are0.5078,0.4770,0.4398,0.3734,0.6804and0.4460. In which the maximum membership degree: The soil nutrients of Guichi andLujiang are second level, higher level; Feidong, Wuwei and Juchao are third level, themoderate level; Mingguang is forth level, low level.