The Influence Of The Rice Physiological Ecology And Yield Under Different Nitrogen Fertilization Levels

In order to alleviate the pressure on demand for food, our country has been to increase rice yield per unit of area as the main production tasks. Along with the development of rice production, the rice field of nitrogen used is more and more. A large amount of chemical fertilizer used had no significant help to increase rice yield and economic benefits, but because of the amount of nitrogen greatly increased made nitrogen using efficiency too low, even appeared the phenomenon of production drops, and also directly or indirectly caused a series of bad environment reaction, caused significant waste of nitrogen to reduce the economic benefit and environment pollution.It had studied the influence on the rice physiological ecology, lodging and yield by the field experiment with nonglutinous rice fengliangyou No.4as the experimental material to compare the treatment B(nitrogen fertilizer9kg,phosphatic fertilizer7kg and potassium fertilizer8kg),treatment C(nitrogen fertilizer12kg,phosphatic fertilizer7kg and potassium fertilizer8kg),treatment D(nitrogen fertilizer15kg,phosphatic fertilizer7kg and potassium fertilizer8kg)with treatment A (CK, nitrogen fertilizer6kg,phosphatic fertilizer7kg and potassium fertilizer8kg)It showed that:l.The leaf fresh weight of the treatment B,C and D were separately123.13%,138.26%and147.28%of treatment A(CK)’s, the stem fresh weight were122.05%,159.1%and159.92%,the dry matter weight were129.49%,180.90%and184.78%.Follow that we can see that leaf weight, stem weight and dry matter weight had the positive correlation with the nitrogen fertilizer used, the rice plants of treatment C and D were obviously better than those of treatment B.2.The leaf fresh weight of treatment B was115.79%of treatment C’s, while the stem fresh weight was88.53%,the leaf was heavier than the stem, so it easily break out lodging. Under treatment D,it could be easier to occur lodging than those under treatment C.3.The net photosynthesis of treatment C was basicly accordance with treatment D,they were the larggest of the all treatments.While leaf area under treamnet C could first get the maximizing,because of it, leaf area reduced slowly after heading,to extend the continue photosynthesis time,to enhance the dry matter’s production and accumulation. 4.The rice under treatment C and D had the obvious superiority on protein content and blade adversity among the four treatments, while the nitrogen fertilizer used was less, so treatment C was the best treatment.5.To compare with treatment A(CK), the yield of other three trements had increased, the rate were50.74%,89.11%and94.48%. Lodging-resistance mechanical strength for the contrast respectively were103.97%,132.01%and89.83%.The rice under treatment C had the strogenest ability of lodging-resistant, the yield was also high, comprehensively consider all the factors, treatment C was better than other treatments.The nitrogen used had a big effect on the rice yield, excessive nitrogen fertilizer used could lead rice growed over flourish at the early days, the dry matter accumulation too more could cause the leaves keep out by each other after rice heading, it directly effected on photosynthesis and the photosynthate revolved to spike to reduce the yield; excessive nitrogen fertilizer used could cause the nitrogen’s loss, to increase cost and reduce income, the crops may remain green, late-maturing, tiller too much and stalk weak to make the plants lodging and reduction of output.