The Collection And Evaluation Of Pear Germplasm Resources In Anhui Province And SSR Analysis On The Phylogenetic Relationship

The pear germplasm resources are rich in Anhui province. Through the naturalevolution, natural selection and artificial selection, there have formed different groups oflocal special varieties and local varieties in the main producing areas in Anhui province.These local varieties mainly located in the region of Dangshan, Shouxian and Huangshan.In order to evaluate and use these local varieties better and to avoid losing the elitegermplasm of local varieties, the identification of these varieties and the analysis of geneticdiversity are necessary. This research investigated and collected the pear germplasmresources in Anhui province and also evaluated these varieties. We analyzed the geneticdiversity and the polygenetic relationship of these varieties by simple sequence repeattechnology. On this basis, we explored the application of SSR technology on fruit andclarified the polygenetic relationship of the pear germplasm resources in Anhui provinceand provided a theoretical basis for the further using of local varieties in Anhui province.The results of this experiment are as follows:1. This research has collected25local pear varieties in Anhui province byinvestigating the pear resources. We observed, decrypted and identified the botanic andeconomic traits of these varieties, and got the results that the phenotypes of the geneticdiversity of the pear germplasm resources are very rich in Anhui province.2. The SSR analysis revealed fully the genetic diversity of local pear germplasmresources in Anhui province.20bands were amplified from the5-pair screened primers,which contained16polymorphisms bands, and the ratio of polymorphisms bands hasreached80percent. The average of each primer which was amplified was4, while theleast were2bands and the most were6bands. All bands were between78bp and300bp. Intotal,18sites were amplified and each primer amplified averagely3.2polymorphismsbands. The25varieties tested can be distinguished using3pairs of specific primers,CH02B03b, NH004a and CH01B12.3. The cluster analysis on local pear germplasm in Anhui province showed that all thevarieties were divided into3categories when the Euclidean distance squared coefficientthreshold value was from16.2to23.2. The first category was divided into3subclasseswhen the Euclidean distance squared coefficient threshold value was10.8. The firstsubclass was made of Xipi pear, Mugua pear, Huixi pear, Jinhuazao, Baipizao and Huibaipear, which were all local varieties from Huangshan. The second subclass consisted of zisu pear and Waiweibacao pear, while the third subclass only contained Matihuang pear, whichwere all local varieties from Dangshan. The second category was divided into3subclasseswhen the Euclidean distance squared coefficient threshold value was from12.5to15. Thefirst subclass contained Ehuang pear and Qingpicao pear. The second subclass was made ofZipicao pear and Honggai pear. The third subclass consisted of Dama pear, Qingpisu pear,Shuihulu pear, Zaofusu pear, Jizhuahuang pear and Dangshansu pear, in which Dama pearand Honggai pear were local pear varieties from Shouxian. The third category containedChangbashuai, Xiaoma pear, Shuibatian, Xiaoyebai, Shentouyan and Pingdingsu, whichwere all local varieties from Shouxian. These varieties certainly were clustered accordingto zone, and the polygenetic relationships among varieties from the same zone were nearer.