Study On Biological Characters Of Different Ploidy Melon

This test by sweet dragon1thin skin melon (diploid) and the induction of polyploidy thinskin melon as research material, in terms of morphology, cytology, physiological and biochemicalcharacteristics were analysed. The results showed that:1Ha Sweet No.3DNA content is1.5times of the Dragon Sweet No.1, This breed istriploid.Tetraploid Muskmelon DNA content is2.0times of the Dragon Sweet No.1, This breed istetraploid.2Cytological studies show that: Compared with the Dragon Sweet No.1, Stomatal densitydecreases,Pore size is significantly increased of the leaves of Ha Sweet No.3and tetraploidmuskmelon. This indicates that Ha Sweet No.3and tetraploid muskmelon have changed in ploidy.3Comparison of morphology of different ploidy muskmelon, compared with the DragonSweet No.1, tetraploid muskmelon Stems and petioles Coarser, Leaves, petals, ovary, seeds lager,Single fruit weight and fruit pulp thickness increases; Ha Sweet No.3Stems and petioles Coarser,Leaves and Male flower petals lager, fruit pulp thickness increases, Seeds decreases, and the ovaryand fruit weight no significant differences.4The comparison of different ploidy muskmelon chlorophyll content found that:per unit freshweight determination of chlorophyll, the three ploidy melon chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b andcarotenoid content trend is to reduce chromosome ploidy increase in unit leavesarea determinationof chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid content increased with increasingchromosome ploidy.5Different ploidy muskmelon in diurnal variation curve of net photosynthetic rate arecharacterized by bimodal type, there is the phenomenon of "midday depression", peaks at about10:00and13:00, the second peak is less than the first peak. Pn Ha Sweet No.3(triploid)> DragonSweet No.1(diploid)> tetraploid muskmelon.6Dragon Sweet No.1and Ha Sweet No.3EST enzyme band number more than tetraploidmuskmelon as many as2, enzyme activity is also strong; while the POD and SOD enzyme bandnumber there is no difference, just Ha Sweet No.3and tetraploid muskmelon enzyme withbrightness than dragon Sweet No.1, shows that its high expression, indicating that their enzymespecies is similar but different dose.7Fruit soluble sugar, soluble protein, soluble solids, titratable acid, amino acid, vitamin Ccontent of Ha Sweet No.3and tetraploid muskmelon are higher than Dragon Sweet No.1, showsthat polyploid melons quality is better than that of diploid.