| Background：Epilepsy is the second largest disease in neurologicaldisorders. According to WHO records，there are more than 50 millionepilepsy patients worldwide, among which 9 million patients are in China. Ofthese patients, about 20~30% are unresponsive to currently used drugs, whichis termed as refractory epilepsy. Currently, the therapeutic strategies forrefractory epilepsy include surgery, vagus nerve stimulation, deep brainstimulation, EEG biofeedback therapy, ketogenic diet and so on. However,several drawbacks such as invasive procedure, side effects, poor efficacy,demanding medical equipment and high cost hinder them from beingpopularized in clinical practice. Therefore, it is of imperative clinicalimportance to seek for a non-invasive, safe, relatively cheap method to treatrefractory epilepsy.As a new electrophysiological technique, transcranial magneticstimulation has many advantages, such as painless, non-invasive, and easy tooperate. These advantages have made TMS being widely applied in neurologyand psychiatry. Its good therapeutic effects especially in epilepsy have alreadybeen presaged in some preliminary studies experimentally and clinically.However, the underlying mechanism of TMS on epilepsy has not beenestablished, which restrains its clinical application scope. Basing on aforementioned background, we made chronic epilepsy ratmodel by using lithium-pilocarpine. Changes of several EEG nonlineardynamic parameters and expression of synaptophysin in hippocampus of ratsbefore and after TMS were examined. We attempted to estabilish theunderlying anti-epileptic mechanism of TMS to provide the basis for clinicalpractice.Objective: To investigate the changes of several EEG nonlinear dynamicparameters and expression of synaptophysin in hippocampus of rats, andexplore the underlying anti-epileptic mechanism of rTMS.Method: Epilepsy rat model was made by using lithium-pilocarpine, andthe rats were divided into non-stimulus group and stimulus group, the controlgroup was set up at the same time. The stimulus group rats were treated withrTMS at 0.5HZ, 40%MT, 100 plus/train, 5 train/day, interval of train is 30seconds，for 7 consecutive days.(1) The EEG nonlinear parameters were obtained from the rats foranalysis on the time at 7, 14, and 28 days post-stimulus, respectively,including approximate entropy(ApEn), correlation dimension(D2), point wisecorrelation dimension(PD2), lyapunov exponent(LE), kolmogorov entropy(KE) and complexity(CX).(2) 7 days, 14 days and 28 days after the stimulation we put to death thesame amount of rats of the the control group ,the non-stimulus group and thestimulus group,then we made perfusion to took the brains. We didimmunohistochemical staining to test expression changes of SYN of thehippocampus of rats from every group.Result:(1) The mean values of D2，PD2，LE and KE for non-stimulus and stimulus rats were significantly lower than those of healthy rats(P<0.05),whereas the values of CXand ApEn were not significantly different from thoseof healthy rats(P>0.05). The mean values of D2and KE for stimulus rats weresignificantly lower than those of non-stimulus rats(P<0.05)，whereas thevalues of LE，PD2，CXand ApEn were not significantly different from those ofnon-stimuls rats(P>0.05).(2) Compared with the control group，Expression of SYN of thenon-stimulus group are significantly higher，showed a difference withstatistics significance（p<0.05）.Compared with the non-stimulus group，expression of SYN of the stimulus group are less of different degree. There isno statistically significance 7 days after the stimulation（p>0.05）；There is adifference with statistics significance between 14 days and 28 days after thestimulation（p<0.05）.Conclusion:(1) Complexity of epilepsy rat’s brain electrical physiological activities issimpler than that in the normal rats.The low frequency rTMS have aninhibitive effect in epilepsy rats’ physiological activities;(2) Epilepsy rats express higher hippocampus SYN than that in thenormal rats. The low frequency rTMS have down-regulated SYN expressionin epilepsy rats’ hippocampus;(3) Restrain epilepsy rats electricity physiological activities anddown-regulated epilepsy rats’ hippocampus SYN maybe a importantmechanism of the low frequency rTMS to treat epilepsy. |
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