Research On The Acquisition Of "Ba" Sentence By Foreign Students Of Elementary And Intermediate Levels

For many years,"Ba" sentence has been a popular topic in the field of Teaching Chinese as a Second Language. In the past research of the acquisition of "Ba" sentence, the researchers often use the cross-sectional method by questionnaire or corpus to do error analysis or to find acquisition order.In this paper, the author takes the longitudinal method to find the developmental sequence of "Ba" sentence based on two foreign students of elementary and intermediate levels. According to the acquisition order of "Ba" sentence put forward by Pro. Xiao Xiqiang, the author taught10types of "Ba" sentence to a class of20foreign students over a period of six months. And at the same time, the author recorded the oral corpus of two subjects form this class every week to see how they acquired the "Ba" sentence.This paper’s research of acquisition sequence is divided into two parts, one is quantitative analysis, and another is qualitative analysis.In the part of quantitative analysis, the author does research on the accuracy of corpus for18times and each type of "Ba" sentence. Besides, the author applies two kinds of statistical methodology——"The Relative Frequency of Correct Use" and "Implicational Scaling"——to find the acquisition order. The result suggests that the acquisition orders of two subjects are different. Take their active corpus for example, through "The Relative Frequency of Correct Use", the acquisition order of the subject from Laos is Tl> T5> T6> T2> T4> T3, T7> T8> T9，T10(hasn’t acquired T9, T10); the acquisition order of the subject from Hungary is T1> T6> T5> T2> T3> T9> T4,T8> T7，T10. Through "Implicational Scaling", the acquisition order of the subject from Laos is T1>T7>T4,T5>T3>T6>T2,T8,T9,T10(hasn’t acquired T2,T8,T9,T10) The acquisition order of the subject from Hungary is T1> T6> T2> T5> T3> T9> T4, T7> T10> T8(hasn’t acquired T8)In the part of qualitative analysis:Firstly, the author researches their acquisition stage:Silence, Trial-and-error, Happening, Upsurge, Falling after rise, and Stability. We have three findings:(1) The result of difficulty level through the acquisition stage is almost the same as the acquisition order by "The Relative Frequency of Correct Use".(2) The acquisition stage shows that the acquisition styles of the two subjects are very different.(3) Certain types of "Ba" sentence are obviously different.Secondly, the author tries to find two subjects’creative sentence and self-repair because the inter-language is a developing language, co-existing error and correct parts.Besides, this paper focuses some types of "Ba" sentence. Firstly, the author analyses the type of error, and try to find the reason of error. Secondly, the author finds that T1—T4are different in difficulty level and acquisition order. Thirdly, the author considers that the phenomenon of "over-use" is caused by teaching; and avoiding of "Ba" sentence are normal during the process of acquisition.If we compare two subjects, we can find that the acquisition orders are different; and different acquisition style also influences the acquisition effect. Besides, the acquisition stage of two subjects are very different in some type of "Ba" sentence, for example:T1、 T4、T5and T7.The developmental sequence of "Ba" sentence by two subjects shows that the teaching order are scientific, however, we can adjust it according to the acquisition order and developmental sequence so as to make students to acquire "Ba" sentence better.