A Preliminary Study On Deleuze’s Post-structuralist Poetics

Deleuze was a unique post-modern philosopher and critics after World WarⅡ, who was called "the Piccaso in Philosophy".His research area covers from Philosophy, Literanture,Aesthetics, Politics to Psychology. Deleuze paid great attention to the creation of Philosophy. In his opinion, the history of Philosophy is the history of the concept creation.Foucault, in his "Philosophy of Theater", had said that "Maybe one day in the future, the century will belong to Deleuze".What Foucault interested is the power of creation in Deleuze’s mind.In Deleuze’s academic career, four works, including "Anti-odipus","Kafka, Towards a Minor Literature", A Thousand Plateaus" and "What is Philosophy" were cooporated with Guattari. It was generally believed that Guattari contributed a lot on psychology and Psychoanalysis, and Deleuze was expert at Philosophy, literary theory and logic. So my thesis makes literature theory as Deleuze’s contribution.The introduction part concerns Deleuze’s life, major works, works had been translated and how his mind was accepted in the West and China.The first chapter introduces Deleuze’s Poststructuralism Philosophy from three dimensions, which is the starting point we learn his literature theory.The first dimension will be the Anti-Psychoanalysis. Deieuze and Guattari have subverted the theory about desire in the past, and criticized the desire theory which was immersed in the Western Reason. They thought desire was produced not because of the lack of Subject, but desire itself was the motive power for everything. They provided the concept of "desiring machines" and made that as a machanic assemblage, which was not related to subject and object. By desiring machines, he criticized the Psychoanalysis by Freud, and replaced it with Schizoanalysis, because he thought the latter could express the existence of unconscious better. Schizoanalysis is one kind of analysis which is immanece and materialism, aiming at explore a immanent,but not metaphysics unconscious.Schizoanalysis criticize the symbol, structure,representation and promote the division, nomadic’s existence, so as to free the individual from the tyranny. At the same time, Deleuze and Guattari combined the desire theory and social production theory by Marx, combined the individual’s micoro-desire and macro social history. From the perspective of history, they revealed the dual forces of liberation and repression by Capitalism, and provided the "territorialisation-deterritorialisation-reterritorialisation) as the way of desire’s liberation.The second dimension is about the Anti-Interpretation. In1975, in " Kafka, Towards a Minor Literation", Deleuze gave us a topic that we should talk about how to get into Kafka’s works, but not talking about how to give them a interpretation. He believed that interpretation, with a priori model, illustrate the literature a portrait. Deleuze criticized the mode of tree thinking and provided the concept of "rhizome". The rhizome is opposed to centered, hierarchized systems. Deleuze give us a new way to observe literature.The third dimension is the Anti-Subject. Deleuze didn’t make a systematic study on this issue. However, in his works like "A Thousands Plateaus","Anti-Odipus", and "What is Philosophy" do concern this issue a lot. With some concepts, like "desiring machine","Assemblage","Schizoanalysis","Minor Literature", he deconstructed the Subject and built the new Nomodic Subject with the characteristic of multiplicity and rhizomatic. This thesis will introduce the Deleuze’s Anti-Subject on three points:the multiplicity, linguistics and body.The second chapter will be a literary thoery which called "towards the becoming"."Becoming" is the core concept in Deleuze’s Philosophy. In "A Thousands Plateaus", he clarified this concept clearly and formed this kind of literary theory, which enriched the poststructralist in the latter half of the20th century. In the writings, people can be becoming-women, becoming-animal, becoming-molecules, and becoming-unperception at last. Writing can be regarded as a flight, to enter a status of becoming, to flee away from the cage defined by poetics, law, and culture, and find the new world and experience in the lines of flight.The third chapter mainly pays attention to Deleuze’s "Minor Literature". He regarded Kafka’s literature as the "Minor Literature", which has three characteristics: the first characteristic is a strong co-efficient of deterritorialization, the second characteristic is that everything in them is political, the third one is the collective aspect of this political representation of the community. Three characteristics are focused in Kafka’s writings. Kafka make a flee through the deterritorialisation of German, to find a becoming-minor in the mainstream literature. Deleuze took Kafka’s literature as a literature machine, including "letters-short story-long novel", and Deleuze clarified the desire’s mechanic assemblage in Kafka’s novles. The core of novel is the demolition of assemblage. Kafka’s novels are full of the demolition of law, through which make the social representation flight and start a deterritorialisation of movement.The pandect introduces the impact to the Feminism made by Deleuze’s literature theory. It can also play an important role in the development of China’s Feminism writing.