Three Kinds Of Edible Fungi Polysaccharide Purification Research

China has the largest production of edible fungi Polysaccharide, but the whole processing level is not high, the quality of product is not stable, the deep processing products with high value-added are few. Edible fungi polysaccharide, as a kind of important bioactive substances, is widely accepted as higher efficacy immune enhancer and antitumor agents and has been widely developed and applied. Nowadays, the domestic production of edible fungi polysaccharide commonly adopt the traditional single stage intermittent tank extraction technology with backwardness in equipments, which exists lots of disadvantages such as low production efficiency, large energy consumption and labor intensity, low uniformity of quality, expensiveness. This essay takes Lentinus edodes, Hericium erinacrum and Ganoderma as raw material, systematically studies the extraction, purification, structure analysis of the three kinds of edible fungi polysaccharide. It puts much emphasis on the study of industrial extraction and purification technology in order to realize the industrial production with high-efficiency, continuousness, low-cost, high-quality, which can promote the industrial upgrade of edible fungi polysaccharide. The main research contents and conclusions are as followed:1. The three kinds of edible fungi polysaccharide were extracted by hot water. The author studied how the elements such as temperature and time of immersion and extraction, liquid ratio have influences on the extraction rate of polysaccharide. The best extraction technology was ascertained by the enzymatic and extra-fine powder methods as the assistant means. The extraction yield of lentinan by hot water was1.55%, and1.69%by enzymatic method, which was9.03%higher than hot water extraction and had the advantages of saving time and reducing energy consumption. The extraction yield of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide by hot water was3.15%. The theoretical extraction yield by response surface analysis extra-fine powder technology was2.16105%, while the true yield was2.27±0.06%, the relative error was only5.04%.2. Resin adsorption method was adopted to study the decolorization technology of the three kinds of edible fungi polysaccharide and have discovered the optimum conditions of the elements such as decolorization time, resin dosage, PH value. The decolorization ratio and the yield of polysaccharide of HD-3resin of lentinan with static decolorization technology were both above85%. The best flow rate of dynamic decolorization technology was5BV/H, the decolorization ratio was85.3%, the yield of polysaccharide was89.1%, and the removal ratio of protein was63.0%. The yield of polysaccharide and the decolorization ratio of HD-3resin of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide with the static decolorization technology were both high, they were84.9%and83.2%respectively, while with the dynamic decolorization technology were83.9%and82.3%respectively, the removal ratio of protein was67.7%.The yield of polysaccharide of HD-3of Ganoderma with the static decolorization technology was the highest, it was62.1%. The decolorization ratio was84.3%, the removal ratio of protein was53.2%. HD-3resin, which can adsorb not only pigment but also a large amount of protein in polysaccharide solution, is regarded as an excellent method for purification. 3. The ultrafiltration technology was used to classify the edible fungible polysaccharide and tried to find the optimum ultrafiltration conditions of different ultrafiltration membrane and ultrafiltration temperature, solution PH value. After ultrafiltration, the purity of Lentinus edodes polysaccharide, Hericium erinacrum polysaccharide and Ganoderma polysaccharide were72.1%,74.2%,76.1%respectively4. There was a structure analysis of Hericium erinacrum polysaccharide. Periodic acid oxidation showed that there existed1â†'6bond type,1â†'2or1â†'4bond type. The quantity ratio was nearly5:2. Gas chromatography showed that there were three kinds of monosaccharide in Hericium erinacrum polysaccharide; they are rhamnose, glucose and mannose. The molar ratios were0.192:1.000:0.627. NMR analysis showed that the monosaccharide contained a-glycosidically linked and β-glycosidically linked component at the same time.